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ARCHIVE
Bond Mutual Fund Outflows: A Measured Investor Response to a Massive Shock
By Sean Collins
March 4, 2021
In recent months, we have seen many high-profile analyses arguing that bond mutual funds amplified stresses in financial markets during the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. These analyses conclude that bond mutual funds therefore may require structural regulatory reforms. But as the information in this ICI Viewpoints and others to follow indicates, policymakers should not jump to that hasty conclusion.
In a series of posts, we will demonstrate that the evidence about what happened to financial markets in March 2020 is still far too mixed and preliminary to conclude that new regulation is appropriate for bond mutual funds. Given the importance of bond mutual funds to retail investors and to the US and global economies, it is critical that we have all the data and insights—measured and applied correctly—before regulators start considering policy recommendations to reform these funds.
We’ll start with a key question: what caused the record redemptions from US bond mutual funds in March 2020? Did those redemptions reflect, as some analysts contend, a heightened and growing responsiveness on the part of bond mutual fund investors, a trend that makes those investors more prone to redeem heavily in times of turmoil and threatens financial stability? Or were those redemptions simply proportional to the once-in-a-century shock during that turbulent month?
Our findings indicate that bond mutual fund investors behaved in March 2020 much as they always have in response to financial market shocks: redeeming moderately in proportion to the size of the shocks they face. It’s just that in March 2020, they faced a massive and unprecedented economic and financial market shock. And, although investors redeemed 5.2 percent of their bond fund assets, they actually retained 94.8 percent.
These findings undermine the claim that bond mutual fund investors pose a growing threat to the stability of markets.
The Debate: Has Bond Mutual Fund Investors’ Behavior Changed?
The COVID-19 shock was unique and all-encompassing: while it was first and foremost a health crisis, it pummeled both the real economy and the financial sector. Seeking shelter from the downturn, volatility, and uncertainty, investors around the world scrambled for liquidity. This included trying to sell longer-dated bonds in exchange for cash, or for overnight or very short-term debt.[1] These efforts, all responses to the COVID-19 developments, created singular effects in financial markets.
Some analysts have argued that these singular effects may have been amplified by the actions of bond mutual fund investors,[2] and that those investors in recent years have become more reactive to market conditions—that is, that they respond more strongly to negative fund performance.[3] As we discuss here, percent outflows from bond mutual funds in March 2020 hit a one-month record. But the drop in bond prices also shattered records from the past three decades.
Drop in Bond Prices During COVID-19 Turmoil Shattered Records
Figure 1
Reflecting Stresses from COVID-19, Treasury Bonds Suffered Deep Losses in Early- to Mid-March 2020
Total return on 10-year Treasury bonds, 1990 to 2020, seven business day periods*
* The figure plots those seven-day periods where the return on the 10-year Treasury bond index was negative. The S&P 10-year Treasury bond index starts on December 29, 1989.
Source: Investment Company Institute calculations based on S&P 10-year Treasury bond total return index
It is well-established that flows to bond mutual funds tend to track bond returns.[4] One of the most unusual aspects of the COVID-19 market turmoil was that bond prices fell at a record pace—even for US Treasury bonds, the safest of safe havens, whose prices normally rise during times of crisis. Indeed, Treasury bond prices dropped more during the seven business days from March 9 to March 18 than in any other similar period in the past 30 years (Figure 1). Given that drop, prices on all other bonds also were bound to fall by large amounts.
Bond price declines did indeed shatter records in March 2020. Figure 2 plots weekly percent returns on taxable US bonds from January 2007 to December 2020. Consistent with the record decline in Treasury bond prices shown in Figure 1, prices on taxable US bonds dropped 4.0 percent the week ending March 18, 2020, which was easily the largest one-week decline in the past 30 years. The second largest one-week decline occurred during the global financial crisis, when prices on taxable US bonds dropped 2.9 percent the week ending October 15, 2008. Notably, the bond market dropped more, and bond funds saw larger outflows, during the week of March 18, 2020.
Figure 2
Bond Mutual Fund Flows Tend to Track Bond Market Returns
Percent, weekly, weeks ending Wednesday
Note: Taxable US bond mutual funds includes investment grade, multisector, government, high-yield; and excludes municipal bond funds or bond funds with an international, global, or emerging markets focus. Percent flows are calculated as weekly fund flows divided by those funds’ assets at the end of the previous month. Percent return on the US bond market is the weekly percent change in the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Total Return bond market index, which is an index of total returns on taxable US bonds.
Sources: Investment Company Institute and Bloomberg
Figure 3
The Massive Shock to Financial Markets Triggered Outflows from Bond Mutual Funds
Monthly flows as a percentage of previous month’s assets
Note: This chart represents monthly flows to all bond mutual funds, divided by previous month’s assets.
Source: Investment Company Institute
Given the Massive Shock, How Did Bond Fund Investors React?
Given the sheer magnitude of the economic and financial shocks to the bond market in March 2020, it would have been truly remarkable had investors in bond mutual funds not reacted. Investors did react, redeeming 5.2 percent of those funds’ assets (Figure 3).[5]
But were those outflows out of proportion to the size of the shock? Some analysts say yes.[6] They argue that bond fund investors have become more reactive in recent years to market developments, perhaps boosting March 2020 outflows relative to what previously might have been expected.
We believe there’s another possibility that better fits the data: fund investors reacted about as they have in the past. They redeemed relatively modestly in proportion to the size of the financial market shock—it’s just that in March 2020 they faced a massive shock.[7]
To assess these competing alternatives, we turned to a statistical forecasting model. Our model gauges how flows to bond mutual funds that focus on taxable US bonds respond to four factors: bond market returns, stock market returns, stock market volatility, and recent past percent flows to bond funds. To gauge whether investor behavior has changed, we estimate this model using data from three different periods: 2007 to 2019; 2007 to 2009; and 2010 to 2015. The period 2007 to 2019 stretches from one year before the global financial crisis of 2008-2009 to just before the onset of the COVID-19 crisis. The second period, 2007–2009, focuses only on the global financial crisis. The third period, 2010–2015, focuses on the post–global financial crisis period, but stops several years before the COVID-19 crisis to better gauge whether, in the past five years, investors have become more sensitive to bond market conditions.
Figure 4
Actual and Forecasted Bond Mutual Fund Flows During COVID-19
Weekly percent flows, weeks ending Wednesday
Note: Taxable US bond mutual funds includes investment grade, multisector, government, high-yield; and excludes municipal bond funds or bond funds with an international, global, or emerging markets focus. Percent flows are calculated as weekly fund flows divided by those funds’ assets at the end of the previous month. Predicted flows are based on a four-variable vector autoregression estimated using weekly data on fund percent flows, percent changes in Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Total Return bond market index, changes in the Cboe Volatility Index (VIX), and percent changes in the Wilshire 5000 stock index over the period from January 3, 2007, to January 1, 2020; the vector autoregression includes four lags of each variable.
Sources: Investment Company Institute and Bloomberg
Figure 4 shows the results. The blue line plots actual weekly percent flows. The other lines plot forecasts from the model based on data from those three periods. As is often the case with forecasting models, the forecasts lag a bit behind the actual values, declining and subsequently recovering a bit later. The key point, however, is that the patterns and magnitudes in the forecasts look very similar to the actual flows from bond mutual funds—whether the model is based on long or short periods, or periods where markets are roiled or relatively calm. In other words, it wasn’t that investors became more reactive, but that they reacted moderately in proportion to a record-breaking downturn in the markets combined with a huge jump in market volatility.
To conclude:
- The record one-month outflows from bond mutual funds in March 2020 reflected the immense size of the shock from COVID-19 to the real economy and the financial sector, not a fundamental change in fund investor behavior.
- Fund investors are unlikely to redeem at the percentage pace seen last March unless there is another shock of the same magnitude as COVID-19.
This suggests that policy focused on structural reforms for mutual funds is in danger of doing more harm than good, by imposing large costs on investors and markets year in and out to protect against a once-in-a-century cataclysm.
Taking a Deeper Look at Bond Mutual Funds During COVID-19
In subsequent ICI Viewpoints we plan to take up a range of issues related to the experiences of bond mutual funds in March 2020, including:
- What is the strength and quality of the evidence that bond mutual funds amplified shocks to financial markets? What’s the evidence that the size of any effect was economically material?
- Has the narrative that funds amplified the shock been driven in part by a misinterpretation of published data—data, for example, on mutual funds’ net acquisitions of Treasury and investment grade corporate bonds—or confusion about bond fund categorizations (e.g., confusing “investment grade corporate bond funds” with “investment grade bond funds”)?
- How do bond mutual funds manage their portfolios to meet shareholder redemptions?
- What explains the strong demand for bond mutual funds over the past decade? Is it, as some have argued, that investors have been motivated primarily by a search for higher yields? Or has demand been driven by more fundamental factors (e.g., growth in target date funds, demographics, the long bull stock market)?
- Are there fundamental reasons—e.g., tax considerations, risk and difficulty of timing the markets, saving for long-term goals—to expect investors’ flows to bond funds to be more stable than is often credited?
A theme that will emerge in these ICI Viewpoints is that the evidence about what happened to financial markets in March 2020 is still far too mixed and preliminary to conclude that regulatory intervention is indicated for bond mutual funds. A related theme is that relevant analyses must be scrutinized with a sharp and critical eye; otherwise, regulators risk basing policy recommendations on flawed data, misimpressions, and misunderstandings, potentially to the detriment of millions of retail investors who rely on funds to save for the long term.
Sean Collins is chief economist of ICI.
Permalink: https://www.ici.org/viewpoints/21_view_covid1
[1] See “The Impact of COVID-19 on Economies and Financial Markets,” Report of the COVID-19 Market Impact Working Group (Washington, DC: Investment Company Institute, October 2020), available at www.ici.org/pdf/20_rpt_covid1.pdf.
[2] See, for example, Federal Reserve Board, Monetary Policy Report, February 19, 2021, arguing that “open-end investment funds, particularly those that invest substantially in corporate and municipal debt…experienced large, sudden redemptions in March 2020, which contributed to strains in broader short-term funding markets and fixed-income debt markets.”
[3] See, for example, Frank Hespeler and Felix Suntheim, “The Behavior of Fixed-Income Funds During COVID-19 Market Turmoil,” Global Financial Stability Notes, International Monetary Fund, December 2020, arguing that “results thus point to an increased inclination of investors to redeem their [bond mutual fund] shares when perceiving mounting valuation risk for their investments as they did during the COVID-19 episode. Such behavior suggests that feedback mechanisms from the devaluation in securities prices to capital withdrawals by investors may have intensified and could have led to runs on funds.” See also Antonio Falato, Itay Goldstein, and Ali Hortaçsu, “Financial Fragility in the COVID-19 Crisis: The Case of Investment Funds in the Corporate Bond Markets,” NBER Working Paper 27559, December 2020, arguing that their evidence indicates “there was an increased sensitivity of [bond mutual fund] flows to performance in the COVID-19 crisis” and that “investors responded much more strongly to negative performance of their funds when making outflow decisions during the crisis."
[4] See Figure 3.8 in 2020 Investment Company Fact Book: A Review of Trends and Activities in the Investment Company Industry, Washington, DC: Investment Company Institute, available at www.ici.org/pdf/2020_factbook.pdf.
[5] The patterns of flows to taxable US bond mutual funds (taxable US bond mutual funds includes the following categories: investment grade, multisector, government, high-yield) looks very similar overall, but outflows were a bit smaller in March 2020 at 4.9 percent compared to 5.2 percent for all bond mutual funds.
[6] See Hespeler and Suntheim (2020) and Falato, Goldstein, and Hortaçsu (2020).
[7] In the jargon of economics, suppose fund flows = θ × size of market shock, where θ is the responsiveness of fund flows to a given sized market shock. The question here is whether fund flows were larger because of a change in behavior, as would be indicated by an increase in θ, or whether investor behavior was unchanged, but the size of market shock was abnormally large because of COVID-19 events.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsCOVID-19Corporate BondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMutual FundPolicy ResearchShareholder
To Do: Check Your Savings Goals This Week!
By Miriam Bridges
February 22, 2021
This week, the Investment Company Institute (ICI) and the ICI Education Foundation (ICIEF) are joining thousands of corporations, nonprofits, government agencies, and individuals to celebrate America Saves Week. This annual campaign encourages Americans to assess their financial situations, set savings goals, and implement plans to achieve them.
TOPICS: 401(k)Equity InvestingIRAInvestment EducationInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholder
Main Street Owns Wall Street
By Sarah Holden and Michael Bogdan
February 10, 2021
Stock ownership used to conjure up images of Wall Street—but today people all up and down America’s Main Streets own stocks and are counting on stock ownership to help realize their financial goals. Today, more Americans own stock than in the past—and stock ownership has become increasingly common for lower- and middle-income households.
TOPICS: Equity InvestingInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholder
Mutual Funds: Rated G—All Audiences Admitted
By Sarah Holden and Dan Schrass
February 4, 2021
Investing is subject to many misconceptions, including the notion that only older households, or only wealthy households, or only households saving for retirement own mutual funds. The reality is that households of all ages, all incomes, and with a wide range of financial goals, own mutual funds.
TOPICS: Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholder
2020 Annual Report to Members: Roundtable: The Fund Industry’s Response to COVID-19
By Patrice Bergé-Vincent, Marty Burns, and Susan Olson
January 19, 2021
For the 2020 Annual Report to Members, three members of ICI’s leadership sat down to share their thoughts on how the Institute and the fund industry have navigated the COVID-19 crisis.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGlobalGovernment AffairsICI GlobalIndex FundInternationalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyShareholder
2020 Annual Report to Members: A Conversation with Paul Schott Stevens
By Paul Schott Stevens
January 14, 2021
Paul Schott Stevens, ICI’s longest-serving chief executive, retired at the end of 2020. As he neared the end of his 16 years of service, he sat down with ICI staff to discuss the events of his tenure.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGlobalGovernment AffairsICI GlobalIndex FundInternationalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyShareholder
2020 Annual Report to Members: A Letter to ICI’s Membership
By George C. W. Gatch
January 11, 2021
2020 will go down in history as a year that none of us can ever forget. It was a year of turmoil, fear, and reckoning. Yet for the regulated fund industry, it also proved to be a year of resilience, transition, and great hope.
Read more from ICI Chairman George C. W. Gatch’s letter that was released in ICI’s 2020 Annual Report to Members.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGlobalGovernment AffairsICI GlobalIndex FundInternationalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyShareholder
Market Turmoil and Liquidity Crunch Rooted in the COVID-19 Pandemic
By Sean Collins
October 14, 2020
The first paper in ICI’s new research series, “The Impact of COVID-19 on Economies and Financial Markets,” focuses on the relationship between the pandemic, the economic shutdown it triggered, and the volatility that gripped the markets.
TOPICS: BondsCOVID-19Corporate BondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityMutual Fund
Investing Basics: Saving for Retirement with a 401(k) Plan
By Christina Kilroy
September 9, 2020
The ICI Education Foundation’s Investing Road Trip ends at retirement, depicted with idyllic images of a park bench and a golf cart. But what if, in real life, your path doesn’t quite follow this tidy path? Even for workers who get a late start, hit some bumps, and take a few detours, saving for retirement is still possible. Here are guideposts for 401(k) saving as you journey to retirement.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Investing Basics: Saving for Retirement on Your Own
By Christina Kilroy
August 31, 2020
A majority of workers aged 26 to 64 were active participants in a workplace retirement plan in 2017, according to ICI’s most recent tabulation of tax data. But what if you don’t have access to a workplace retirement plan? You still have great options to save for retirement with similar advantages to the 401(k). Learn more in the latest installment of ICI Education Foundation’s investing basics series.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Congress Should Give Americans Flexibility to Keep Retirement Savings on Track
By Paul Schott Stevens
July 31, 2020
As policymakers take further steps to assist families and businesses weathering the storm, Congress can help American families get their retirement savings goals back on track by including the “Temporary Coronavirus-Related Catch-Up Contribution” proposal in the next COVID-19 relief package.
TOPICS: 401(k)Government AffairsIRAMutual FundRetirement PolicyShareholder
Investing Basics: Understanding Fees and Expenses
By Christina Kilroy
July 30, 2020
In the ICI Education Foundation’s Investing Road Trip exhibit, a toll booth illustrates the fees and expenses that are part of investing. Every vehicle on a toll road pays and some of that money helps to maintain the road, which ultimately makes for a smoother and safer trip for everybody. Likewise, every investor pays a cost to invest but receives professional management and services in return.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
IRA Investors Are Concentrated in Lower-Cost Mutual Funds
By James Duvall
July 30, 2020
Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) represent the largest share of assets in the US retirement market, with assets totaling $11.0 trillion at year-end 2019. As part of an ongoing effort to shed light on important insights into IRA investing, ICI is updating its analysis of expense ratios that investors pay on mutual funds in their IRAs.
TOPICS: 401(k)Bond FundEquity InvestingIRAMutual FundRetirement ResearchShareholder
Investing Basics: Compound Returns and the Power of Reinvestment
By Christina Kilroy
June 29, 2020
Start saving early. You’ve heard it once, you’ve heard it a million times. There are a few reasons why that’s a good idea—to get in the habit, to manage risks to your investments and income, and to allow more time to contribute to your savings and let them grow. But the strongest case for starting early boils down to one phrase: compound returns.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
2020 Investment Company Fact Book: Letter from the Chief Economist
By Sean Collins
May 19, 2020
A version of this letter by ICI Chief Economist Sean Collins was released in the Institute’s 60th edition of the Investment Company Fact Book.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationGlobalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
2020 Investment Company Fact Book: Letter from the President and CEO
By Paul Schott Stevens
May 13, 2020
This ICI Viewpoints is a version of a letter from ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens that was released in the 60th edition of the Investment Company Fact Book.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationGlobalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
Investing Basics: 529 Savings Plans
By Christina Kilroy
May 7, 2020
One thing you can expect when you’re expecting a baby is to pay a lot for diapers—you might pay about $600 by your child’s first birthday. But the cost of diapers is child’s play compared to the costs that could come later when paying for college.
To encourage people to save for these education costs, nearly every state and the District of Columbia offer 529 plans, and most offer special tax treatment for savers participating in those plans.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
For Funds' Use of Derivatives, a Promising New Regulatory Framework
By Paul Schott Stevens
April 22, 2020
In a promising new proposal on the use of derivatives, the SEC has consolidated cumbersome regulatory framework into a single, comprehensive rule that is carefully designed to protect investors.
TOPICS: Equity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFund RegulationMoney Market FundsMutual FundShareholder
Investing Basics: Tax Benefits to Encourage Saving
By Christina Kilroy
April 14, 2020
To encourage people to save, federal and state governments offer special tax treatment for savings plans for specific goals, such as retirement and education. By increasing the benefit that savers receive in the short term, the government nudges savers to take a positive action that will provide a benefit in the long term.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Investing Basics: The Benefits of Mutual Funds
By Christina Kilroy
March 31, 2020
We’ve reached the halfway point in this series, and we’ve covered a lot of ground: the benefits of investing, how to think about risk, different types of investments, why diversification is important, and dollar-cost averaging. This month’s installment brings all these topics together and examines seven features of mutual funds that make them an enduringly popular investment choice.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Mutual Fund Flows in the COVID-19 Crisis
By Sean Collins
March 11, 2020
The novel coronavirus disease, or COVID-19, is taking a heavy toll on the world economy—in lives, in the costs of responding, and in lost production and consumption. Worldwide financial markets reflect this. How are retail investors reacting? Are they panicking, selling out? Or are they staying the course, as during previous financial market epidemics?
TOPICS: Bond FundCorporate BondsFinancial StabilityMutual Fund
Investing Basics: Dollar-Cost Averaging
By Christina Kilroy
February 27, 2020
Emotions are the enemy of successful investing. For long-term investors, dollar-cost averaging is a smart way to take the emotion out of investing and to eliminate the difficulty and uncertainty of trying to time the market.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
ICI Continues Its Work on Disclosure Improvements
By Paul Schott Stevens
February 12, 2020
In a letter to the New York Times in response to an article published earlier this month, ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens refutes claims that ICI and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) are seeking to "water down" disclosure requirements....
TOPICS: Fund RegulationMutual FundShareholder
Investing Basics: Diversification
By Christina Kilroy
January 30, 2020
Eggs play a starring role in diversification’s ubiquitous analogy—one we used in the Investing Road Trip©—and for good reason. If you drop a basket holding all your eggs, you’ll be out a lot of eggs. Spreading your eggs across several baskets is a good defense against the risks of exposing all your assets to the same risk.
But perhaps we should also make the point that eggs shouldn’t be the only food in your basket. They may be high in protein, but your body needs a mix of nutrients for good health. Similarly, with investing, a better goal is to build a balanced “diet” of asset classes across industries, geographic areas, and types of securities....
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Proxy Proposals Worth Supporting
By Matt Thornton
January 29, 2020
The SEC can save millions of dollars for registered fund shareholders, while maintaining investor protections, by reforming the fund proxy system. The system, which funds use to solicit votes from their shareholders, poses significant challenges and costs to funds and their investors. A new report by the Investment Company Institute points to concrete regulatory actions that would improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the fund proxy system…
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceMutual FundProxy VotingShareholder
Investing Basics: Types of Investments
By Christina Kilroy
December 23, 2019
Two of the most common investments are stocks and bonds. Chances are if you own a portfolio of investments, those two types of assets make up a significant part—or perhaps all—of it. For those who want to start investing, it’s essential to understand these common portfolio building blocks...
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Investing Basics: What Is Risk?
By Christina Kilroy
November 26, 2019
You invest with the hope of earning a return on your investment. That opportunity invariably involves risk, including the possibility of losing some or all of the money you invested. Understanding these risks is an essential step toward successful investing.
The second installment of the ICI Education Foundation's blog series celebrating its 30th anniversary explores different types of investing risks.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
ICYMI: A Q&A with Members of ICI's Retirement Team
November 19, 2019
For this year's 2019 Annual Report to Members, four members of ICI's retirement team sat down to discuss ICI's legislative, regulatory, research, and communications activities to advocate for well-informed public policies that help Americans prepare for retirement....
TOPICS: 401(k)Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchShareholder
2019 Annual Report to Members: A Letter to ICI's Membership
By George C. W. Gatch and Paul Schott Stevens
November 14, 2019
What follows is an abridged version of a letter by ICI Chairman George C. W. Gatch and ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens that was released in ICI’s 2019 annual report. To read their full letter, please see ICI’s 2019 Annual Report to Members....
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGlobalGovernment AffairsICI GlobalIndex FundInternationalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyShareholder
Investing Basics: What Is Investing?
By Christina Kilroy
October 31, 2019
This month, the ICI Education Foundation celebrates 30 years of developing, delivering, and promoting investor education. As part of our yearlong celebration, we will be sharing an ICI Viewpoints post each month that explains a basic concept of investing, drawn from the ICI Education Foundation’s Investing Road Trip.
TOPICS: 401(k)Exchange-Traded FundsIRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholder
Five Key Points on 401(k) Plan Fees from ICI Research
By James Duvall and Steven Bass
October 23, 2019
Thanks to innovation and a competitive market, 401(k) mutual fund fees keep falling. ICI has a window into this information through our study of the cost of providing 401(k)s, in which we take a close look at the expenses and fees of mutual funds incurred by 401(k) plan investors, and in related research on fund fees through a collaborative research effort between ICI and BrightScope.
TOPICS: 401(k)Equity InvestingMutual FundRetirement ResearchShareholder
Happy Birthday, IRA! Congratulations on 45 Years
By Sarah Holden and Elena Barone Chism
September 12, 2019
Labor Day 2019 marked the 45th birthday of the individual retirement account (IRA). When the Employee Retirement Income Security Act was signed into law on September 2, 1974, it introduced bold steps to safeguard Americans’ employer-sponsored pensions and created the IRA.
Forty-five years later, IRAs are a significant component of US households’ retirement assets, holding $9.4 trillion in assets, or about one-third of the total US retirement market, at the end of March 2019…
TOPICS: IRAInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
Three Bs or Not Three Bs: Revisiting Claims That Investment Grade Corporate Bond Funds Pose Financial Stability Risks
By Shelly Antoniewicz, Sean Collins, Rachel Graham, and Christof Stahel
September 9, 2019
In the past year, regulators have expressed concerns that regulated funds with a mandate to invest in investment grade corporate bonds might pose risks to financial stability. A case in point is the Bank for International Settlements’ (BIS) March 2019 Quarterly Review. The only way that the BIS can conclude that downgrades could fuel “fire sales” in “excess of daily turnover in corporate bond markets” is to assume that all market participants would quickly sell downgraded bonds. But the BIS headlines and charts focus solely on mutual funds....
TOPICS: Bond FundCorporate BondsFinancial StabilityMutual Fund
30 Tips to Celebrate 30 Years of Investor Education
By Christina Kilroy
September 3, 2019
For 30 years, the ICI Education Foundation has pursued its mission to advance investor education by developing, delivering, and promoting investor education to diverse audiences across a range of ages and life stages. As we kick off our celebration of the foundation’s 30th anniversary in October, we will be sharing tips for successful investing on our social media accounts over the coming weeks....
TOPICS: 401(k)IRAInvestment EducationMutual FundSavingsTaxes
IRA Investors Are Concentrated in Lower-Cost Mutual Funds
By James Duvall
August 20, 2019
Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) represent the largest share of assets in the US retirement market, with assets totaling $8.7 trillion at year-end 2018. Forty-six percent of this total is held in mutual funds, with IRA mutual fund investors primarily invested in equity funds. As part of ICI’s ongoing efforts to shed light on important insights into IRA investing, ICI is updating its analysis of expense ratios that investors pay on mutual funds in their IRAs....
TOPICS: 401(k)Bond FundEquity InvestingIRAMutual FundRetirement ResearchShareholder
Mind the Gap
By Sarah Holden and Christina Kilroy
July 22, 2019
It’s a good idea to “mind the gap” if you’re traveling on the Tube in London, taking Amtrak in the United States, or riding Metro in Paris or Washington, DC. Being mindful of the space between where you are and where you’re going is important—not only when navigating public transit, but also when saving for retirement. Saving for retirement is a career-long process, with many decisions along the way....
TOPICS: 401(k)IRAInvestment EducationMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholderTaxes
2019 Investment Company Fact Book: Letter from the Chief Economist
By Sean Collins
May 7, 2019
Globalization has hit a few speed bumps in recent years, but it hasn't slowed the globalization of the Investment Company Fact Book. Consistent with ICI’s mission to represent the interests of regulated funds and their investors worldwide, Fact Book is expanding its international presence....
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationGlobalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
ICI’s Quarterly Retirement Market Resource
By Miriam Bridges
April 23, 2019
ICI publishes statistics on the US retirement market every quarter as an information resource for mutual funds, individual investors, the media, policymakers, and researchers. This report includes individual retirement account (IRA) and defined contribution (DC) plan assets, including 401(k) plans, and mutual fund assets held in retirement accounts....
TOPICS: 401(k)IRAMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavings
From December Outflows to January Inflows: Seasonal Factors in Mutual Fund Flows
By Shelly Antoniewicz and Morris Mitler
February 4, 2019
As US and global stock markets churned in December, the press took note of ICI’s reports on outflows from US long-term mutual funds and drew a hasty conclusion: individual fund investors were fleeing from market turmoil. But weighing flows against total assets is the first step to putting fund flows in context. A second factor to be considered is the calendar. It turns out that mutual fund flows have a distinct seasonal pattern, with stronger inflows early in the year giving way to weaker inflows or outflows during the second half.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity FundMutual Fund
Corporate and Investment Grade Bond Funds: What’s in a Name?
By Sean Collins
January 4, 2019
Financial stability concerns are being inflated by confusion over what the funds in question actually hold. In fact, these funds invest nearly half their assets in Treasury and agency securities, and less than one-third in corporate bonds. In other words, these funds hold more in government bonds—traditionally the “safe haven” that investors seek in times of turmoil—than in the corporate bonds that seem to cause the regulators’ angst....
TOPICS: Bond FundCorporate BondsFinancial StabilityMutual Fund
Even in Bear Markets, Equity Fund Investors Stay the Course
By Shelly Antoniewicz
December 21, 2018
With the S&P 500 on a downward trajectory since early October, we’ve seen many headlines in the financial press of an impending bear market in US stocks and the potential for retrenchment by investors. But just as we showed that bond investors aren’t stampeding the exits in another recent ICI Viewpoints, “Debunking Assumptions About Bond Mutual Funds’ Flows and Bond Sales,” equity fund investors’ reactions to substantial declines in stock prices are less dramatic than the popular belief would suggest....
TOPICS: Equity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsMutual Fund
Debunking Assumptions About Bond Mutual Funds’ Flows and Bond Sales
By Shelly Antoniewicz
December 20, 2018
Recent outflows from bond mutual funds have drawn press attention and revived concerns among regulators about the impact of bond fund investors’ actions on the broader bond market. Unfortunately, this attention is rooted in misconceptions—as we’ll show using ICI’s comprehensive data covering 98 percent of mutual fund industry assets.
Understanding Interest Rate Risk in Bond Funds
By Shelly Antoniewicz and James Duvall
December 17, 2018
Long-term interest rates reached their lowest recorded levels in July 2016 and were on a steady upward trend until early December. Rates dipped recently, but that could be short-lived if global trade tensions ease and the outlook for economic growth remains robust. Investors should be aware of the effects rising interest rates could have on their bond fund investments....
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsExchange-Traded FundsFixed IncomeIndex FundMutual Fund
Mutual Funds: Rated E for Everyone
By Sarah Holden
December 12, 2018
Investing is subject to many misconceptions, including the notion that only wealthy households own mutual funds. As US households’ ownership of mutual funds has grown over the past four decades, the need to correct myths about who owns mutual funds has also grown....
TOPICS: Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholder
Funds and Proxy Voting: Funds Vote Thoughtfully and Independently
By Morris Mitler, Sean Collins, and Dorothy Donohue
November 7, 2018
During the 2017 proxy voting season, registered investment companies—including mutual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and closed-end funds—cast more than 7.6 million votes for proxy proposals submitted by either management or shareholders of corporations held in the funds’ portfolios. Some of those proposals were straightforward; others were more controversial. But in every case, a fund adviser had a duty to evaluate the proposal and act in the best interest of the fund and its shareholders.
Funds and Proxy Voting: Who Submits Shareholder Proposals?
By Morris Mitler, Sean Collins, and Dorothy Donohue
November 6, 2018
Any registered fund that holds companies’ stocks in its portfolio has a duty to consider proxy proposals offered by those companies—and to act in the best interests of the fund and its shareholders. These funds also have a regulatory obligation to report those votes.
As the only investors required to disclose their votes publicly, funds draw an outsized share of the attention focused on proxy issues and voting outcomes. And critics frequently focus on whether they agree or disagree with funds’ votes—without regard to funds’ obligation to vote in the interests of fund shareholders....
TOPICS: Mutual FundProxy VotingShareholder
Funds and Proxy Voting: The Mix of Proposals Matters
By Morris Mitler, Sean Collins, and Dorothy Donohue
November 5, 2018
Proxy voting is in the news and on the minds of policymakers, corporate executives, and investors. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) will focus on a number of issues related to proxy advisory firms, shareholder proposals, and technology and innovation to make the proxy process more efficient at a staff roundtable on November 15. Major corporate issuers—organized as the “Main Street Investors Coalition”—are agitating against the voting practices of institutional investors, including registered funds....
TOPICS: Mutual FundProxy VotingShareholder
Fund Shareholders Have to Receive Reports. They Don’t Have to Pay So Much for Them
By Paul Schott Stevens
November 1, 2018
ICI has filed a comment letter calling on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to overhaul the framework for fees that funds are required to pay to vendors when intermediaries such as broker-dealers hire those vendors to distribute legally required reports and disclosures to shareholders. The issue may sound dry and technical—but if the SEC follows through on our recommendations, shareholders will save real money.
TOPICS: Mutual FundShareholder
28 Trillion Smart Decisions
By Christina Kilroy
October 22, 2018
Have you ever done one small, smart thing that ended up making a huge difference in your future? I’m not talking about blind luck—like buying a ticket that turns out to be the winner in the (currently) $1.6 billion Mega Millions. No, I’m talking about small, smart decisions that can materially affect us later in life....
TOPICS: Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholderTaxes
Fund Adviser Proxy Votes Align with Fund Interests
By Paul Schott Stevens
September 24, 2018
A key assertion in “Cracking the Proxy Racket” (The Wall Street Journal's Review & Outlook, September 18) is that asset managers vote “in block” to support recommendations set forth by advisory firms like Glass Lewis and Institutional Shareholder Services. Such statements ought to be tested against actual data.
A decade’s worth of research shows that fund advisers vote proxies diligently, in line with their fiduciary duty to the fund and its shareholders...
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationIndex FundMutual FundProxy VotingShareholder
IRA Investors Are Concentrated in Lower-Cost Mutual Funds
By James Duvall
August 8, 2018
Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) represent the largest share of assets in the US retirement market, with assets totaling $9.2 trillion at year-end 2017. Forty-seven percent of this total is held in mutual funds, with IRA mutual fund investors primarily invested in equity funds. As part of ICI’s ongoing efforts to shed light on important insights into IRA investing, ICI is offering an updated analysis of expense ratios that investors pay on mutual funds in their IRAs....
TOPICS: 401(k)Bond FundEquity InvestingIRAMutual FundRetirement ResearchShareholder
IBM Expert Demystifies Artificial Intelligence, Touts Its Value for Asset Management
By Jeanne C. Arnold
June 22, 2018
Forget what you’ve heard about artificial intelligence (AI), Tom Eck, chief technology officer for IBM industry platforms, told the crowd at ICI’s 60th annual General Membership Meeting. Despite its depiction sometimes in popular culture as a malevolent force, he said, there is nothing to fear from the technology, which happens to hold great potential for the registered fund industry....
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
Young Leaders Reflect on Building a Better Business
By Christina Kilroy
June 21, 2018
Emerging leaders in the asset management industry are at the forefront of changes that will fundamentally affect the business—from technology, to client expectations, to how to attract and retain top talent. During a panel at ICI’s Operations and Technology Conference, held concurrently with the 60th annual General Membership Meeting, three such leaders explored how their firms are rethinking legacy processes and moving into the future....
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholder
Meeting Investors’ Evolving Expectations—and Why Delivering Returns Is No Longer Enough
By Jeanne C. Arnold
June 19, 2018
Serving investors is at the heart of asset management. Yet in today’s technology-driven world, in which personalized services and experiences dominate everything from banking to shopping, asset managers are having to rethink how to best meet the evolving needs of investors and advisers.
During the opening session of ICI’s 60th annual General Membership Meeting, held this year from May 22–24, a group of industry experts took to the stage to discuss the future of the fund industry—and to explain why simply delivering returns is no longer enough....
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
How Astronaut Jerry Linenger Found Strength, Perspective During His 132 Days in Space
By Candice Gullett
June 14, 2018
Captain Jerry Linenger has been around the world more than a few times—literally. As a retired US Navy flight surgeon and NASA astronaut posted on Russian space station Mir, he’s seen it all. But you don’t have to go in to space to benefit from Linenger’s insight—he had plenty of wisdom to share with attendees of ICI’s 60th annual General Membership Meeting (GMM), held in Washington, DC, from May 22–24.
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
Amy Herman Makes Order out of Chaos with the Art of Perception
By Melanie Cohen
June 11, 2018
Art might not be the first topic that comes to mind when discussing the mutual fund industry, but lawyer and art historian Amy Herman showed that there is a connection to be found after all.
Addressing attendees at ICI’s recent Operations and Technology Conference, held concurrently with ICI’s General Membership Meeting in Washington, DC, from May 22–24, Herman explained that analyzing art requires stepping in closely and asking questions from every angle—a style of observation that also is important for the fund industry…
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
Asset Management Leaders Talk Shop on Markets and Trends—and the Industry’s Gender Divide
By Rob Elson
May 31, 2018
A panel of four leading women in asset management took the stage at ICI’s 60th annual General Membership Meeting last week to share their insights on market outlooks, industry trends, and gender diversity....
SEC Commissioner Michael Piwowar: A Commitment to Markets, Shareholders...and Facts
By Rachel McTague
May 24, 2018
SEC Commissioner Michael Piwowar responded with candor to questions posed by ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens during a lively discussion at the final day of ICI’s General Membership Meeting. Piwowar’s announced July 7 departure from the agency offered the outspoken commissioner the opportunity to reflect on fund regulation during his five-year tenure....
TOPICS: Exchange-Traded FundsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGMMMutual Fund
The Carlyle Group’s David M. Rubenstein: Expanding Horizons, Doing What He Loves
By Miriam Bridges
May 23, 2018
“It’s the rate of return. Everything is the rate of return,” said David M. Rubenstein, cofounder and co-executive chairman of The Carlyle Group, summing up what has fueled the growth and success of the modern private equity business.
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
Morgan Stanley’s James Gorman Builds Pride from the Inside Out
By Todd Bernhardt
May 22, 2018
A mental model that James Gorman uses in his role as chairman and CEO of Morgan Stanley involves viewing the world as a series of concentric circles: the innermost circle represents the firm itself, while the subsequent circles represent the industry, the economy, and the political environment that a firm operates within. To succeed, one must build an understanding and mastery of each circle. Only then can one move back toward the middle.
TOPICS: GMMGlobalMutual Fund
2018 Investment Company Fact Book: Letter from the Chief Economist
By Sean Collins
May 15, 2018
Those of us who wear glasses know that one of the most crucial elements in seeing the world is the right lens. A bad lens warps the light and distorts the signals; the right lens sharpens the image and enhances our understanding.
This is a useful metaphor for the work that ICI Research does in providing informed analysis to guide public policy. Through our voluminous collections and surveys, we gather large amounts of data—signals about the behavior of funds, markets, and investors. But finding the patterns in these signals requires the right lens—accumulated knowledge provided by context, economic insights, and understanding of institutions.
The Investment Company Fact Book is one very visible result of this process and its many elements...
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
Invest in Your Future Through an IRA
By Christina Kilroy
March 13, 2018
Nearly 44 million US households invest and save for their future through individual retirement accounts (IRAs). If your household isn’t one, now is a great opportunity to join them. And if you are already saving in an IRA, there are some advantages that you may not be aware of—and that are worth knowing about as Tax Day approaches...
TOPICS: Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholderTaxes
Fund Investors Will “Run”? Sorry, Charlie Brown
By Sean Collins and Sarah Holden
March 7, 2018
For decades, Charles Schulz kept us in suspense: surely this time, Lucy would let Charlie Brown kick the football. Nope. Every time, at the last second, she pulled the ball away—and Charlie Brown fell flat on his back.
We’ve seen the same gap between wish and fulfillment around market turmoil and mutual funds. For decades, commentators have predicted that investors in stock and bond funds, faced with market turmoil, would redeem en masse, perhaps adding to the market turmoil. Despite plenty of opportunities, that just hasn’t happened.
Stock market turmoil in February provides yet another example of this...
TOPICS: 401(k)Bond FundEquity InvestingFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityInterest RateInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement ResearchTrading
Pointing Fingers at Index Funds Won’t Explain Market Volatility
By Shelly Antoniewicz
February 14, 2018
With all the recent volatility in the US stock market, two questions are frequently being asked:
- Are fund investors fleeing the stock market?
- Are index funds causing market turbulence?
The short answer to both questions is no.
Experience and research show that investor flows to and from mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) tend to track market returns. ...
TOPICS: Equity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityIndex FundInterest RateInvestor ResearchMutual FundTrading
Education, Outreach, Advocacy: A Big 2017 for IDC and Fund Independent Directors
By Amy B. R. Lancellotta
February 8, 2018
The following appeared as the “Letter from the Managing Director” in IDC’s 2017 Annual Review.
If there has been a single constant across the 13-year history of the Independent Directors Council (IDC), it’s the stability of our four-part mission...
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationIDCMutual Fund
Americans Rely on Stocks to Meet Their Financial Goals as Much as Ever
By Sean Collins
January 17, 2018
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the Wall Street Journal by Sean Collins, ICI chief economist, in response to an article published on January 4, 2018:
Are America’s individual investors missing out on one of the biggest bull markets in history? No. The Wall Street Journal’s account (“As Dow Tops 25000, Individual Investors Sit It Out,” January 4) is based on anecdotes and selective use of data.
TOPICS: Exchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityMutual FundSavings
States Are Abusing Abandoned-Property Funds to Plug Budget Shortfalls
By Tamara K. Salmon
January 11, 2018
Imagine finding out that your investment account has been turned over to your state because it was considered “abandoned.” Imagine, too, that after the account was turned over to the state, the account received a capital gains distribution. As a result, you are liable for paying the taxes on that distribution—and can be assessed monetary penalties for not paying the taxes in a timely fashion.
TOPICS: Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
Independent Directors’ Stringent Oversight Contributes to Decline in Fund Fees
By Amy B. R. Lancellotta
January 9, 2018
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the New York Times by Amy B. R. Lancellotta, managing director of the Independent Directors Council, in response to an article published on December 30, 2017.
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual FundShareholder
More People Are Building Nest Eggs with Their IRAs
By Sarah Holden
December 20, 2017
Individual retirement account (IRA) owners are good stewards of their money. They take a thoughtful approach to preparing for retirement by taking advantage of the dual role of IRAs and by researching important investment decisions, according to recent research from ICI. These are among the findings from “The Role of IRAs in US Households’ Saving for Retirement, 2017,” which details ICI’s research on IRA-owning households.
TOPICS: 401(k)Fund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement Research
Congress Must Spike “FIFO” for All Investors
By Paul Schott Stevens
December 8, 2017
As the House and Senate reconcile their differing versions of tax reform, one provision from the Senate’s bill should be deleted immediately. Tax reform must not impose an accounting system known as “first-in, first-out” (FIFO) that would deprive America’s investors of their long-standing ability to manage their finances for the greatest tax efficiency.
TOPICS: Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicyTaxesTrading
A Way Forward on Modernizing Fund Director Responsibilities
By Amy B. R. Lancellotta
November 14, 2017
In recent years, the workload for boards of US regulated funds has grown heavier and more complex—owing in part to the fund industry’s growth and evolution, but due largely to a raft of new responsibilities established in Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rulemakings and other initiatives.
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual Fund
2017 Annual Report to Members: A Message from the Chairman
By William F. “Ted” Truscott
November 13, 2017
This letter by ICI Chairman Ted Truscott was released in our 2017 Annual Report to Members.
Every day, I’m reminded that each of us in the fund industry is driven to deliver ever-greater value for our fees and keep improving service to fund shareholders. Investors are demanding more from every asset manager—and the resulting competition drives us to innovate, find new efficiencies, and offer even better solutions for investors’ needs.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGlobalGovernment AffairsICI GlobalIndex FundInternationalInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyShareholder
Let’s Make Disclosure Reform Serve Shareholders
By Dorothy Donohue
October 25, 2017
The October 12 meeting of the Investor Advisory Committee (IAC)—a group established by the Dodd-Frank Act to advise the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on regulatory priorities and other issues—has breathed new life into a long-running debate over how US-registered funds can best provide essential information to their shareholders.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundShareholder
Autumn Air, Playoff Baseball, and…National Retirement Security Week
By Christina Kilroy
October 17, 2017
The baseball postseason is well underway and the air has finally turned crisp. Perhaps that’s why—as we’re marking National Retirement Security Week—our thoughts have turned to the words of Yogi Berra, the great New York Yankees catcher. He was credited with so many pithy, wise, and witty sayings that, in classic Berra style, he remarked, “I really didn't say everything I said.”
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundSavingsShareholderTaxes
Applying Evidence to Theories on Regulated Funds
By Sean Collins
October 12, 2017
Late last month, the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) voted to rescind its designation of American International Group (AIG). After requiring a bailout during the financial crisis, the insurer was designated as a non-bank “systemically important financial institution,” or SIFI, in 2013. When FSOC conducted its most recent annual review, it decided AIG no longer warranted “systemic” status.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMutual FundTreasury
In Reality, Data Tell a Different Story of Old Age in America
By Sarah Holden
October 10, 2017
“The New Reality of Old Age in America” (September 30) portrays economic security in retirement by pairing anecdotes about workers who have fared poorly with selected statistics. Comprehensive data on how our system is working overall tell a far different story: America’s retirement system enables most of today’s retirees to maintain their standards of living.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
Simulating a Crisis
By Sean Collins
August 15, 2017
The Bank of England (BoE) recently published a paper detailing results from a simulation intended to “stress-test” open-end investment funds. The paper suggests that under “severe but plausible” assumptions, investors could redeem so heavily from open-end investment funds (e.g., mutual funds or UCITS funds) during a period of market stress that they could cause “dislocations” in corporate bond markets.
TOPICS: Bond FundEuropeFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationGlobalInternationalMutual FundPolicy Research
Practical Use of RPR: Solving Oversight Issues in the Retirement Market
By John Randall
August 14, 2017
In this post, the second in a series on how to enchance operational efficiency using existing tools and practices, we look at a real-life example of Retirement Plan Reporting (RPR) in use by brokerage firm Edward Jones.
DOL Fiduciary Rule Review Is Opportunity for SEC
By Paul Schott Stevens
August 8, 2017
The following ICI Viewpoints is an op-ed by Paul Schott Stevens that was published in InvestmentNews on August 7, 2017.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chairman Jay Clayton deserves credit for his decisive action inviting public feedback on the standards of conduct for financial advisers to retail investors. He now has a critical window of opportunity to press forward and work with the Department of Labor (DOL) to establish a consistent best-interest standard of conduct that applies uniformly across retirement and non-retirement accounts, while preserving investor choice.
TOPICS: Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement Policy
Inside SID: It’s All About the Rules
By John Randall
July 12, 2017
One of the benefits of mutual funds is that they can be designed to meet the specific needs of investors’ purchasing preferences. However, this same flexibility to tailor a product can present challenges, because it results in a wide variety of operational rules.
TOPICS: Mutual FundOperations and Technology
Americans Trust in Their 401(k) Plans
By Sarah Holden
July 7, 2017
Defined contribution (DC) plans have long been a key component of Americans’ retirement savings. And with more than $5 trillion in assets and about 54 million active participants, 401(k) plans are the most common type.
TOPICS: 401(k)Fund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement Research
Funds Actively Seek Companies’ Sound Management
By Paul Schott Stevens
July 3, 2017
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the Wall Street Journal by Paul Schott Stevens, president and CEO of the Investment Company Institute, in response to an editorial published on June 22, 2017.
In their muddled and inconsistent arguments, the authors of “Index Funds Are Great for Investors, Risky for Corporate Governance” (op-ed, June 22) rely on unfounded assertions while ignoring clear legal requirements placed on registered funds, their boards, and their advisers...
TOPICS: Exchange-Traded FundsFund GovernanceFund RegulationIndex FundMutual FundShareholder
Industry Leaders Highlight Opportunities Presented by Industry Change
By Miriam Bridges
June 1, 2017
Shifts in demographics, regulation, investor preferences, and new product offerings are creating a range of opportunities for the asset management industry. In conversations exploring these evolving trends, industry leaders offered their perspectives on how to succeed in these new environments during two insightful sessions on the second day of ICI’s 59th General Membership Meeting, held May 3–5 in Washington, DC.
TOPICS: EventsFund RegulationGMMInternationalMutual Fund
Geopolitics and Global Business: What the Future Holds
By Jeanne C. Arnold
May 31, 2017
The challenges of navigating geopolitical developments while operating a global business took center stage during two key sessions at ICI’s 59th General Member Meeting (GMM), held in Washington, DC, from May 3 to 5.
TOPICS: GMMICI GlobalMutual Fund
A 529 Day Primer: Do You Know What State Your College Savings Plans Are In?
By Christina Kilroy
May 26, 2017
You might not know that May 29 is 529 College Savings Day, or even what a Section 529 plan is. But if you’re a parent or grandparent concerned about future college costs, the day presents an opportunity to learn how 529 savings plans can help you plan for—and pay for—your loved ones’ postsecondary education expenses.
TOPICS: Investment EducationInvestor ResearchMutual FundSavings
Top Investment Strategists Sound Optimistic Notes amid Headwinds
By Rob Elson
May 25, 2017
Opportunities abound in today’s market and macroeconomic environment, and it’s up to fund managers to help their investors capitalize on them. That’s the outlook from a panel of world-class investment strategists sharing their insights at ICI’s 59th annual General Membership Meeting, held earlier this month in Washington, DC.
TOPICS: EventsExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsGMMInternationalMutual Fund
Average Expense Ratios for Index ETFs Have Declined
By Shelly Antoniewicz, Sean Collins, James Duvall, and Morris Mitler
May 24, 2017
In yesterday’s ICI Viewpoints post, we noted that our annual report on the asset-weighted average expense ratios of funds—“Trends in the Expenses and Fees of Funds, 2016”—showed that expenses for long-term mutual funds continued to decline in 2016.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFixed IncomeIndex FundInterest RateMutual Fund
Average Expense Ratios for Long-Term Mutual Funds Continued to Decrease in 2016
By Morris Mitler and Sean Collins
May 23, 2017
ICI recently released its report on the expense ratios of mutual funds: “Trends in the Expenses and Fees of Funds, 2016.” This is ICI's first report that also summarizes expense ratios for exchange-traded funds (ETFs).
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFederal ReserveFixed IncomeInterest RateMoney Market FundsMutual Fund
Solving for Data Transparency in the Retirement World
By John Randall
May 19, 2017
First in a series of ICI Viewpoints posts focusing on how to enhance operational efficiency using existing tools and practices.
One of the most important functions performed by ICI involves its role in bringing together members, who participate in a wide array of standing and advisory committees that focus on initiatives affecting the fund industry as well as the broader financial markets. This series will focus on the work of the operations and distribution advisory committees
TOPICS: Mutual FundOperations and Technology
Stevens Calls for Measures to Enhance Economic Growth
By Rachel McTague
May 5, 2017
With America striving to achieve greater economic growth, Paul Schott Stevens, ICI president and CEO, called on the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to enhance funds’ essential role in the capital markets by proposing new rules to govern funds’ use of derivatives and by creating a harmonized best-interest standard for advisers providing investment advice to retail and retirement investors. The ICI chief also urged the SEC to adopt a fund disclosure regime for the 21st century.
TOPICS: EventsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGMMMoney Market FundsMutual Fund
Retired General Stanley McChrystal: Service, Connection, and Flexibility
By Todd Bernhardt
May 3, 2017
When General Stanley McChrystal took over the Joint Special Operations Command (JSOC) in 2003, he was fully steeped in the US Army’s command-and-control philosophy. But he soon learned the need for adaptation. At the 59th annual General Membership Meeting, the retired general spoke of the importance of service, connection, and flexibility.
TOPICS: GMMInternationalMutual Fund
2017 Investment Company Fact Book: Letter from the Chief Economist
By Brian Reid
April 27, 2017
Have you ever tried to put a jigsaw puzzle together without knowing what the finished work should look like? It’s difficult—even with help from family and friends. Are those blue pieces part of a peaceful lake or a cloudless sky? Are those dark pieces a forest floor or storm clouds brewing on the horizon? Without the completed picture on the puzzle box as a guide, everyone has their own idea of what the completed work will look like and how to put it together.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationGovernment AffairsInvestor ResearchMutual FundPolicy ResearchRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchShareholder
Scratch That: Why Arguments of a Broken Retirement System Are Misguided
By Peter J. Brady
April 6, 2017
What if you were given the task of designing a retirement system from scratch? In a recent paper, New York University law professor David Kamin proposes a retirement system that combines a mandatory savings floor with tax incentives to encourage savings above the mandated minimum. He is not the first to propose a new mandatory retirement plan, with others proposing that either employers be required to offer a plan or workers be required to contribute to a plan.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavings
ICI Staff Take Local Students on an “Investing Road Trip”
By Christina Kilroy
March 31, 2017
Among the eighth graders who walked into Junior Achievement’s Finance Park were an aspiring filmmaker, a model, and a sports agent. But for their daylong budgeting simulation—where each student is assigned an age, family, debt, credit score, job, and salary—they would transform into an auto mechanic, an insurance agent, and a bus driver.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundSavings
Exemptions from Investor Protections Put California Savers at Risk
By Paul Schott Stevens
March 22, 2017
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the editor by Paul Schott Stevens, president and CEO of the Investment Company Institute, in response to an editorial published on March 8, 2017, in the Los Angeles Times.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
ICI Study: 55 Million US Households Own Mutual Funds
By Sarah Holden
February 24, 2017
Gathering and analyzing data about how shareholders purchase and use mutual funds are critical to ICI’s work to facilitate sound, well-informed public policies affecting funds, their investors, and the retirement markets.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavings
What's the “Exposure” of Money Market Funds to Europe?
By Sean Collins
January 26, 2017
At the American Economic Association (AEA) meetings in Chicago early this month, speakers and attendees at several sessions asked: do money market funds pose systemic risks?
TOPICS: EuropeFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationInternationalMoney Market FundsMutual Fund
Mutual Funds and ETFs’ Share of the Corporate Bond Market: What’s the Right Answer?
By Shelly Antoniewicz
January 19, 2017
Participation by mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in US corporate bond markets was a topic of discussion during several sessions held at the American Economic Association Meetings in Chicago earlier this month. Panelists and presenters alike cited “statistics” on the share of corporate bonds held by funds. The funny thing was, they all cited different numbers, running the gamut from 18 to 35 percent.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsExchange-Traded FundsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMutual FundPolicy Research
Education, Outreach, Advocacy: A Big 2016 for IDC and Fund Independent Directors
By Amy B. R. Lancellotta
January 17, 2017
The Independent Directors Council (IDC) just wrapped up another year of vigorous support for the fund director community—educating directors, bringing them together to share ideas and experiences, and advocating on their behalf in policy debates. This brief post, adapted from IDC’s 2016 Annual Review, highlights some of IDC’s more notable work over the course of the year.
For “401(k) Pioneers,” No Reason for Regrets
By Paul Schott Stevens
January 10, 2017
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the Wall Street Journal by Paul Schott Stevens, president and CEO of the Investment Company Institute, in response to an article published on January 3, 2017.
Dear Editor:
It may be, as you report, that “401(k) Pioneers Lament What They Started” (Page A1, Jan. 3). But the facts are clear: America’s retirement system is stronger today, in the expanding 401(k) era, than it was when defined benefit pensions were the primary vehicle for retirement savings.
TOPICS: Investor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsShareholder
A Proposal that Should Be Popped
By Paul Schott Stevens
December 15, 2016
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the editor by Paul Schott Stevens, president and CEO of the Investment Company Institute, in response to an op-ed published on December 7, 2016, in the New York Times, “A Monopoly Donald Trump Can Pop.”
Millions of Americans could lose the low costs and broad diversification of fund investing under the dangerous proposal outlined in the op-ed by Posner, Weyl, and Morton.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFund RegulationMutual FundTrading
The Taper Tantrum—Take II
By Shelly Antoniewicz
December 13, 2016
Long-term interest rates in the United States have been on the rise since summer 2016—slowly creeping up from July through October, and then jumping after the presidential election. Thus far, the response from bond mutual fund investors has been subdued. Nevertheless, various commentators—from the vice chairman of the Federal Reserve Board to the multinational Financial Stability Board—have expressed concerns that bond fund investors may rush to redeem shares to avoid portfolio losses stemming from unexpected increases in interest rates.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationInterest RateMutual FundTreasury
Fund Fees Have Been Falling for Two Decades
By Paul Schott Stevens
October 19, 2016
The following ICI Viewpoints is a letter to the editor by Paul Schott Stevens, president and CEO of the Investment Company Institute, in response to an editorial published on October 9, 2016, in InvestmentNews, “DOL fiduciary rule may finally spark lower fund fees for mutual funds.” It appeared in the print edition of the publication on October 17, 2016.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingFund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundShareholder
Money Market Fund Reforms Combine with Bank Regulations to Boost Interest Rates
By Sean Collins
September 28, 2016
As detailed in the previous ICI Viewpoints in this series, the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) new rules for money market funds induced a drop in the assets of prime and tax-exempt money market funds of $910 billion since January 2015 and a roughly comparable $872 billion rise in the assets of government money market funds.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationMoney Market FundsMutual FundOperations and Technology
As Money Market Fund Investors Adjust, Funds Have Managed Flows
By Sean Collins
September 27, 2016
The Securities and Exchange Commission’s new rules for money market funds, which must be fully implemented by October 14, largely center around two key reforms.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationMoney Market FundsMutual FundOperations and Technology
For Money Market Funds, Massive Preparation Has Paid Off in Smooth Transition
By Marty Burns
September 26, 2016
First in a series on money market funds.
By October 14, the money market fund industry must fully implement the 2014 money market fund reforms passed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), cementing major changes for investors and fund complexes. ICI has been in close constant contact with members since the rules were enacted in 2014 and has been working with operations and other professionals throughout the industry to ensure an orderly transition—including fully informing investors—to the new regime in October.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationMoney Market FundsMutual FundOperations and Technology
US T+2 Is Coming—and Bringing Many Benefits with It
By Ahmed Elghazaly
September 6, 2016
On September 5, 2017, equities, municipal and corporate bonds, and unit investment trusts will reduce the amount of time it takes to settle trades from trade date plus three days (T+3) to trade date plus two days (T+2).
TOPICS: Financial MarketsMutual FundOperations and TechnologyTrading
Revised Fed Data Show Mutual Funds’ Share of Corporate Bond Market Is Small and Stable
By Shelly Antoniewicz
August 26, 2016
Discussions among regulators and the financial press about the role of bond mutual funds in financial stability risks have been fueled by concerns about the size and apparent growth in bond funds’ participation in corporate bond markets. But what if that role and its growth have been largely overstated?
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMutual Fund
Secure Choice Is Risky for Workers and for the State
By Paul Schott Stevens
August 17, 2016
Millions of Americans save for retirement using employer-sponsored plans that offer tax advantages and excellent investment options.
TOPICS: Government AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicySavings
Matching Models to Reality: Bond Market Investors Don’t Follow the “First-Mover” Script
By Brian Reid
July 18, 2016
Fourth in a series of ICI Viewpoints testing the hypotheses of academics and regulators about mutual fund and investor behavior during times of market stress.
Regulators and researchers have put forward a common narrative that fund investors can destabilize markets during a period of market stress. They have advanced several hypotheses—including the concept of a first-mover advantage—to support their narrative. These hypotheses produce testable predictions about how fund investors behave in troubled markets: not only will investors redeem their fund shares but they also will stop purchasing new fund shares, thus creating large destabilizing net outflows from funds.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInterest RateMutual Fund
Matching Models to Reality: In a Falling Market, the Real “Movers” May Be...the Buyers
By Brian Reid
July 15, 2016
Third in a series of ICI Viewpoints testing the hypotheses of academics and regulators about mutual fund and investor behavior during times of market stress.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInterest RateMutual Fund
Matching Models to Reality: The Real-World Challenges to Regulators’ “First-Mover” Hypothesis
By Sean Collins
July 14, 2016
Commentators have long predicted that, one of these days, a market downturn will send U.S. mutual fund investors racing for the exits.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInterest RateMutual Fund
Matching Models to Reality: Doomsayers Are Disappointed—Again—as Funds Weather Brexit Shock
By Paul Schott Stevens
July 13, 2016
On Thursday, June 23, the electorate of the United Kingdom voted in a referendum on the country’s membership in the European Union. The result—51.9 percent in favor of “Brexit,” 48.1 percent in favor of “Remain”—went against pollsters’ and pundits’ expectations and surprised the world.
TOPICS: Bond FundEuropeFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
Building on the Success of the Private-Sector Retirement System Is the Real “Secure Choice”
By David Blass
July 8, 2016
Retirement assets in the United States totaled $24 trillion at the end of 2015, bolstered by investments through employer-sponsored plans and individual retirement accounts (IRAs).
TOPICS: 401(k)Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement Policy
It’s Time: SEC Proposals Show the Need to Reexamine the Role of Fund Boards
By Amy B. R. Lancellotta
July 7, 2016
The proper role for fund independent directors—the role where they are best-positioned to represent shareholder interests—is to oversee the work of fund management. The sharp distinction between directors’ oversight role and management’s on-the-ground, day-to-day responsibilities has been a major factor in the modern fund industry’s 75-plus years of success.
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual Fund
When Investor Protection Becomes Protectionism
By Patrice Bergé-Vincent
June 14, 2016
Today, Europe is facing two related needs: to provide its citizens with efficient, lower-cost vehicles for savings and investment, and to bolster economic growth.
TOPICS: EuropeFinancial MarketsFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTaxes
Industry Leaders Address Changing Industry Terrain
By Miriam Bridges
June 3, 2016
Will fund industry leaders need to rethink their traditional operating models? Experts shared their views on this question and others, as well as the opportunities presented by a rapidly changing industry, in a candid discussion on the second day of ICI’s 58th General Membership Meeting, held May 18–20 in Washington, DC.
Conducting Business in a Rapidly Changing World
By Jeanne Arnold
June 1, 2016
The global operating environment is evolving and it is critical for corporations to understand the changes afoot if they are to succeed in the 21st century, said Kevin Kajiwara, co-president of Teneo Intelligence, a division of global advisory firm Teneo. Speaking on the final day at ICI’s 58th General Membership Meeting (GMM), Kajiwara gave an overview of the economic and political shifts taking place around the world during his session, “Geopolitical Risks and the Global Economy.” After the overview, he engaged in an insightful question-and-answer session with Tom Faust, chairman and CEO of Eaton Vance Corp.
TOPICS: EuropeGMMInternationalMutual FundTrading
A Changing Landscape for the Fund Industry—and Fund Investors
By Rob Elson
May 27, 2016
Continue to expect change in the investment landscape, with the Federal Reserve, the Millennial generation, and technological evolution all playing major roles.
TOPICS: EventsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsGMMInterest RateMutual Fund
The SEC’s Historic Success: Six Key Ingredients
By Paul Schott Stevens
May 20, 2016
This ICI Viewpoints is adapted from ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens’s introduction for SEC Chair Mary Jo White at the 2016 ICI General Membership Meeting on May 20.
More than 80 years have passed since Congress—looking to restore public confidence in markets at the height of the Great Depression—established the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to administer the federal securities laws enacted as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal.
TOPICS: EventsFinancial MarketsFund RegulationGMMMutual Fund
SEC Chair White Expects Continued ‘Bright Spotlight’ on Asset Management
By Rachel McTague
May 20, 2016
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is contemplating several new initiatives governing registered funds, in addition to adopting rules this year on reporting modernization, liquidity management, and the use of derivatives, SEC Chair Mary Jo White announced at the opening session on the final day of ICI’s annual General Membership Meeting (GMM).
TOPICS: CybersecurityEventsExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGMMInternationalMutual FundShareholder
GMM Policy Forum: Michael Bloomberg and the Focus on Value
By Todd Bernhardt
May 18, 2016
Businesses and people can both prosper if they focus on providing a service that is unique and that has real value, said Michael R. Bloomberg at ICI’s 58th Annual General Membership Meeting (GMM) today. The noted entrepreneur, philanthropist, and three-term mayor of New York City covered a wide range of topics in a lively back-and-forth with ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens during the meeting’s opening Policy Forum, attended by about 1,500 fund industry leaders.
TOPICS: EventsFinancial MarketsGMMMutual FundShareholder
To the SEC and FINRA: It’s Your Move
By David W. Blass
April 21, 2016
Earlier this month, I wrote about the wide-ranging benefits of the proposed Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rule to give U.S. regulated funds the option of making online access to shareholder reports their default method for informing their shareholders.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundShareholder
The SEC’s Online-Delivery Gift to Fund Shareholders
By David W. Blass
April 4, 2016
A recent SEC rulemaking proposal presages good news for America’s 90 million mutual fund shareholders. Proposed Rule 30e-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, introduced last year as part of a larger initiative to enhance and modernize fund data reporting, would give funds the option of flipping their default mechanism for delivering shareholder reports from U.S. mail to online access.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFund RegulationInvestor ResearchMutual FundShareholder
Factors Contributing to the Decline of Expense Ratios in 2015
By Sean Collins and James Duvall
March 31, 2016
ICI recently released its annual update on the expense ratios of mutual funds, showing expense ratios to be at their lowest levels in at least 20 years.
TOPICS: Bond FundMutual FundShareholder
Yes, Funds Come and Go—Without Government Help
By Todd Bernhardt
March 11, 2016
For several years now, ICI has pushed back against those advocating for bank-like regulations on the asset management industry, pointing out the numerous reasons why regulated funds or their managers are not sources of risk to the overall financial system.
TOPICS: Financial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationMutual Fund
The “Waterfall Theory” of Liquidity Management Doesn’t Hold Water
By Sean Collins and Chris Plantier
March 9, 2016
In a series of recent blog posts, economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York have discussed new research assessing the potential for bond mutual funds to pose systemic risks.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInterest RateMutual Fund
Three Reasons Why You Should Consider an IRA
By Sarah Holden
March 8, 2016
April 18 is the deadline to file income tax returns with the federal government this year.
TOPICS: Investment EducationMutual FundSavingsTaxes
Models vs. the Real World—Why Bond Funds Aren’t the Bond Market
By Chris Plantier and Sean Collins
February 25, 2016
In two recent blog posts, economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York use a theoretical model to assess the size of potential spillover effects from bond mutual fund outflows.
MetLife Case Shows That “Assuming the Worst of the Worst of the Worst” Doesn’t Work
By Mike McNamee
February 24, 2016
If regulators are going to impose strict rules and heavy burdens on a business, should they have to demonstrate that those rules and burdens address an actual and probable risk?
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual Fund
New Research by New York Fed Confirms: Bond Funds Don’t Pose Systemic Risks
By Chris Plantier and Sean Collins
February 23, 2016
In a series of recent blog posts, economists at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York discussed results from a theoretical model assessing the potential for bond mutual funds to pose systemic risks.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInterest RateMutual Fund
Derivatives—Please Don’t Let Them Be Misunderstood
By Shelly Antoniewicz
February 22, 2016
Derivatives are important portfolio management tools that provide funds with many potential benefits, including the ability to:
- hedge risk;
- enhance liquidity, because derivatives can be more liquid than traditional physical securities;
- gain or reduce exposure to unique markets or to asset classes when access through other instruments is difficult, costly, or impossible;
- manage or equitize cash; and
- reduce cost.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationInternationalMutual Fund
U.S. and European Fund Investors Continue to Take Long View on EM Economies
By Chris Plantier
February 12, 2016
In an ICI Global Research Perspective last year, we showed that U.S. and European registered funds held $1.7 trillion in emerging market (EM) stocks and bonds at the end of 2014 (this total counts Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan as emerging markets). Of that, $1.27 trillion was estimated to be in equities and $431 billion was in bonds. We also showed that this $1.7 trillion was spread widely, across 80 different EM countries, and that fund net purchases of EM securities explained little of the variability of capital flow to EM countries.
TOPICS: Bond FundEuropeFinancial MarketsICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
All Pain and No Gain for Fund Investors
By Paul Schott Stevens
February 5, 2016
The following is a letter submitted to the editor of the New York Times. A financial transaction tax (FTT) (editorial, The Need for a Tax on Financial Trading, Jan. 28) is a terrible idea that would harm all investors, especially American workers saving for retirement. We have yet to see an FTT proposal that would not hurt Main Street nor weaken our capital markets.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholderTaxesTrading
Liquidity Risk Management Must Be Done Right
By Paul Schott Stevens
January 15, 2016
The following ICI Viewpoints is a lightly edited version of a letter that ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens sent to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Mary Jo White, as part of the Institute’s overall response to the SEC’s liquidity risk management proposal.
TOPICS: Financial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationInternationalMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholderTrading
How the SEC’s Six-Bucket Approach Could Provide a False Picture of Liquidity
By Brian Reid
January 14, 2016
As I explained in a previous post, I filed a letter on January 13 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in response to its liquidity risk management proposal and to Liquidity and Flows of U.S. Mutual Funds, a study by the Commission’s Division of Economic and Risk Analysis (DERA). My letter was one of four components of ICI’s multipart response to the SEC proposal.
TOPICS: Financial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationInternationalMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholderTrading
The SEC’s Liquidity Proposal: Good Goals, Unintended Consequences
By Brian Reid
January 13, 2016
On January 13, I filed a letter with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in response to the SEC’s liquidity risk management proposal and to Liquidity and Flows of U.S. Mutual Funds, a study by the SEC’s Division of Economic and Risk Analysis (DERA). My letter was one of four components of ICI’s multipart response to the SEC proposal.
TOPICS: Financial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationInternationalMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholderTrading
High-Yield Bond Mutual Fund Flows: An Update
By Sean Collins
December 23, 2015
In an ICI Viewpoints on December 16, we debuted new weekly data on flows to high-yield bond mutual funds, presenting data through December 9. In light of continuing developments in the high-yield market, we have had requests to provide an update this week, taking into account the flows through December 16. Here is our overview.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityInterest RateMutual FundTrading
High-Yield Bond ETFs: A Source of Liquidity
By Shelly Antoniewicz
December 22, 2015
The high-yield bond market has been buffeted recently, as market participants reassessed the risks of this sector and sent prices for many such bonds tumbling.
TOPICS: Bond FundExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityInterest RateMutual FundTrading
High-Yield Bond Mutual Fund Flows: Some Perspective
By Sean Collins
December 16, 2015
Recent conditions in the high-yield credit markets have raised questions about the impact of market turmoil on mutual funds investing in that segment of the bond market.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityInterest RateMutual FundTrading
Mutual Fund Investments in Private Placements: an Overview
By Gregory M. Smith
November 23, 2015
Given recent media interest in mutual fund investments in private placements, it might be helpful to review mutual fund disclosure and valuation obligations. How do funds handle securities that are not publicly traded?
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingFund GovernanceFund RegulationInvestment EducationMutual FundOperations and TechnologyTrading
Retirement Planning: No Place for Fairy Tales
By Paul Schott Stevens
November 17, 2015
It is sadly appropriate that Labor Secretary Thomas Perez invokes fairy tales in his Nov. 16 commentary, “A path forward for state retirement plans.” Neither his version of the past nor his program for the future accord with reality.
TOPICS: 401(k)Fund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement Policy
The Wall Street Journal’s Dangerous Disservice to Investors
By Mike McNamee
September 22, 2015
For 75 years, mutual funds have successfully met their regulatory obligation to fulfill redemption requests within seven days, meeting investor demands and delivering on their investment objectives through good markets and bad.
Yet the Wall Street Journal seems determined to ignore this established history and the circumstances surrounding it. It has created a liquidity “measure” of its own devising—a test that no regulator has endorsed and no informed market participant would credit. The newspaper uses its self-invented process to imply that bond mutual funds are “pushing the limits” of Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidelines governing fund liquidity.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEquity InvestingExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual Fund
New York Times Paints False Picture of Funds’ Emerging Market Investments
By Mike McNamee
August 24, 2015
With the global market turmoil over the past week, it’s no surprise that journalists are looking for hot stories of panic, investor flight, and impending crisis. Either they believe that investors are inherently flighty and panic-prone, or they believe that “this time is different” and investors who have not panicked before will panic now.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEquity InvestingEuropeFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
Ignore the IMF’s Uninformed Call for a Third Round of Reforms to U.S. Money Market Funds
By Jane Heinrichs and Chris Plantier
July 23, 2015
A year ago today, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) voted to adopt sweeping reforms to its rule governing money market funds.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMoney Market FundsMutual FundTreasury
The IMF on Asset Management: Handle Empirical Results with Care
By Chris Plantier
July 15, 2015
In this ICI Viewpoints series, we’ve examined the wide range of data errors, inconsistencies, results that don’t bear statistical scrutiny, and misinterpretations in the International Monetary Fund’s most recent Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR)—specifically, the chapter on “The Asset Management Industry and Financial Stability.” Those problems primarily involved poor understanding of funds and their investors. We didn’t need advanced statistical methods to uncover them.
TOPICS: EuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICI Welcomes IOSCO’S Call to Focus on Products and Activities in Asset Management
By Paul Schott Stevens
June 17, 2015
ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens today issued the following statement in response to the communiqué released today by the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO)
TOPICS: Financial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
How SIFI Designation Could Undermine Fund Governance: Parsing the Fed’s Proposal for GE Capital
By Paul Schott Stevens
June 16, 2015
Fund boards and independent directors have a long history of serving shareholder interests, yet today they face an alarming prospect that could threaten their ability to continue doing so.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual FundShareholderTreasury
Facing the Future: A Conversation with Former Chairmen
By Candice Gullett
June 11, 2015
On the second day of ICI’s annual General Membership Meeting (GMM), held May 6–8 in Washington, DC, three former ICI chairmen sat down with current ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens to share the lessons they learned over the course of their careers, as well as during their years of service as volunteer leaders at ICI.
TOPICS: EventsGMMMutual Fund
The IMF on Asset Management: Sorting the Retail and Institutional Investor “Herds”
By Sean Collins
June 4, 2015
Part of a series of ICI Viewpoints about problems in the IMF’s analysis of the asset management industry.
In this ICI Viewpoints series, we’re examining the wide range of data errors, inconsistencies, results that don’t bear statistical scrutiny, and misinterpretations in the International Monetary Fund’s April 2015 Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR)—specifically, the chapter on “The Asset Management Industry and Financial Stability.” These problems undercut the IMF’s conclusion that “Even simple investment funds such as mutual funds can pose financial stability risks.”
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundPolicy Research
How Millennials Are Shaping the Evolution of Investment Advice
By Christina Kilroy
June 2, 2015
The future of investment advice—as embodied in the youngest cohort of working Americans, known as the Millennial Generation—was the focus of a panel of financial services industry leaders at ICI’s 57th General Membership Meeting. The approximately 75 million 18- to 34-year-olds that make up the group have now overtaken Generation X (ages 35 to 50) as the largest generational group in the workforce, according to Pew Research Center.
TOPICS: Equity InvestingEventsGMMInvestment EducationMutual Fund
The IMF on Asset Management: Which Herd to Follow?
By Sean Collins
June 1, 2015
Part of a series of ICI Viewpoints about problems in the IMF’s analysis of the asset management industry.
In April 2015, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) published its most recent Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), which included a chapter titled, “The Asset Management Industry and Financial Stability.”
We have heard suggestions from more than one observer that the IMF’s GFSR Chapter on asset management provides a wealth of charts, tables, and data to support regulators’ case that regulated funds or asset managers could pose systemic risks.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundPolicy Research
Fresh Perspectives on a Changing World
By Miriam Bridges
May 29, 2015
Implications of globalization, the impact of the Millennial Generation on product development, the search for alpha in a world full of passive products—these were among the top priorities and concerns of the fund industry discussed by a panel of industry leaders at ICI’s 57th annual General Membership Meeting (GMM), held May 6–8 in Washington, DC.
TOPICS: CybersecurityFund RegulationGMMICI GlobalMutual FundSavings
The IMF on Asset Management: The Perils of Inexperience
By Sean Collins
May 28, 2015
Part of a series of ICI Viewpoints about problems in the IMF’s analysis of the asset management industry.
In April, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) released its most recent Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), including a chapter on “The Asset Management Industry and Financial Stability.”
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundPolicy Research
SEC Chair White Affirms Agency Has Tools to Address Risks in Industry
By Rachel McTague
May 8, 2015
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has the tools it needs to address systemic risks to the extent they exist in the asset management industry, said SEC Chair Mary Jo White at the opening session on the final day of ICI’s annual General Membership Meeting (GMM). White also announced that David Grim—who had been serving as acting director of the SEC’s Division of Investment Management—has just been named director of the division. White said she is thrilled that Grim, a 20-year veteran of the SEC in the investment management area, is taking the reins at a time when the Commission is moving forward to implement proactive regulations for the industry.
TOPICS: BondsCybersecurityEuropeEventsExchange-Traded FundsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGMMGovernment AffairsInterest RateInternationalMutual FundShareholderTreasury
Opinion: The Tax Threat to Your Mutual Fund
By Mike McNamee
May 7, 2015
Vanguard Chairman and CEO Bill McNabb sent “an open letter to all mutual fund investors” in the opinion pages of Thursday’s Wall Street Journal. His message: fund investors face a clear threat of higher costs, weaker returns, and a bailout tax to salvage other failing financial institutions—all if regulators get their way in imposing new rules on funds or their managers.
TOPICS: 401(k)Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTradingTreasury
GMM Policy Forum: “It Always Comes Down to Trust”
By Todd Bernhardt
May 6, 2015
Over the 75-year history of the modern mutual fund industry, funds have helped to democratize investing, providing a tremendous array of investing options at a reasonable cost for millions of people. And given rapid advances in technology and the efficiencies that they can bring, the future looks even brighter, said Walter W. Bettinger II at the opening session of ICI’s 57th General Membership Meeting (GMM).
TOPICS: 401(k)EventsFund RegulationGMMMutual FundShareholder
The IMF Quietly Changes Its Data, but Not Its Views
By Chris Plantier
April 21, 2015
On Friday, April 10, we pointed out that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) apparently had vastly overstated the size and growth of bond fund holdings of emerging market bonds in its latest Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR).
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
The IMF Is Entitled to Its Opinion, but Not to Its Own Facts
By Sean Collins and Chris Plantier
April 10, 2015
On Wednesday, the International Monetary Fund released its latest Global Financial Stability Report (GFSR), including a chapter on the asset management industry and financial stability.
TOPICS: EuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Designation’s Vast Reach into Investor Portfolios
By Paul Schott Stevens
March 24, 2015
On Wednesday, March 25, I’ll testify before the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs about the Financial Stability Oversight Council’s process for designating nonbank firms as “systemically important financial institutions,” or SIFIs.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundShareholderTreasury
Once Again, Information Moves Markets
By Sean Collins
March 18, 2015
Treasury yields fell sharply today and the stock market jumped. Wouldn’t it be nice if mutual funds could take credit? Unfortunately, they can’t. Any orders that mutual fund investors place to buy or sell shares anytime today before 4:00 p.m. won’t hit the market until 4:00 p.m., just like any other day. And, if you are reading this blog post at the time of its posting, 4:00 p.m. is still 10 minutes away.
TOPICS: Bond FundFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityInterest RateMutual FundTrading
Why Long-Term Fund Flows Aren’t a Systemic Risk: Multi-Sector Review Shows the Same Result
By Sean Collins
March 4, 2015
In a recent blog post discussing why we believe flows from long-term mutual funds do not pose risk to the financial system, we posted a chart showing that outflows from bond funds are modest even during periods of stress in the financial markets.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInvestor ResearchMutual Fund
Getting the Numbers Right on Investment Advice for Retirement Savers
By Brian Reid
February 26, 2015
As the Wall Street Journal noted this morning, ICI has deep concerns about the data used in a White House memorandum to support the Department of Labor’s push for tighter standards for financial advisers who help investors in employer plans—such as 401(k)s—and individual retirement accounts (IRAs).
TOPICS: Government AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement Research
Simple Answers to the Federal Reserve’s Quandaries
By Mike McNamee
February 24, 2015
The Federal Reserve System can’t get past its perplexities on the role of mutual funds in financial stability. Time and again, the Fed’s governors, regional presidents, and staff return to the same hypothetical risks and speculative scenarios in which mutual funds somehow pose a threat to the financial system.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsExchange-Traded FundsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeMutual Fund
Why Long-Term Fund Flows Aren’t a Systemic Risk: Understanding the Data on Institutional and Retail Investors
By Sean Collins
February 20, 2015
In two previous ICI Viewpoints posts, I discussed the muted response of investors in long-term funds―which invest primarily in stocks, bonds, or both―to financial stresses, and examined some of the characteristics of funds and their investors that help explain that muted response.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInvestor ResearchMutual Fund
Why Long-Term Fund Flows Aren’t a Systemic Risk: Plus Ça Change, Plus C’est La Même Chose
By Sean Collins
February 19, 2015
As discussed in a previous ICI Viewpoints post, regulators and others have voiced concerns that long-term funds―funds that invest primarily in stocks, bonds, or both―might experience large outflows during a financial crisis, adding pressure on financial markets.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInvestor ResearchMutual Fund
Why Long-Term Fund Flows Aren’t a Systemic Risk: Past Is Prologue
By Sean Collins
February 18, 2015
A recent Brookings Institution conference on Asset Management, Financial Stability, and Economic Growth aired the “active policy debate on how to regulate asset managers to maximize economic growth without endangering financial stability.”
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeInvestor ResearchMutual Fund
The IMF Makes All of OFR’s Mistakes—And More
By Sean Collins and Chris Plantier
October 10, 2014
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) just released its latest Global Financial Stability Report. In the immortal words of Yogi Berra, it is déjà vu all over again.
The IMF report bears more than a passing resemblance to Asset Management and Financial Stability, published by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Financial Research (OFR) in September 2013. The OFR report was met with widespread criticism for its misinformed discussion of hypothetical “vulnerabilities” posed by mutual funds and other asset managers.
TOPICS: EuropeFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Why Regulated Funds Are a Relatively Stable Source of Foreign Investment for Emerging Economies
By Chris Plantier
September 26, 2014
The press and policymakers focus a great deal of attention on flows to U.S. and European regulated mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs), in part because these funds are perhaps the most easily observed and readily measured players in capital markets.
TOPICS: EuropeFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
A Look Inside ETFs and ETF Trading
By Rochelle Antoniewicz and Jane Heinrichs
September 23, 2014
Investors in exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are trading shares with each other far more than they are turning to authorized participants to create or redeem shares.
TOPICS: Exchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityMutual FundTrading
Securities Lending by Mutual Funds, ETFs, and Closed-End Funds: Are the Risks Systemic?
By Bob Grohowski
September 18, 2014
The Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Financial Research (OFR), and the Financial Stability Board (FSB) are charged with identifying systemic risks.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Securities Lending by Mutual Funds, ETFs, and Closed-End Funds: Regulators’ Concerns
By Bob Grohowski
September 17, 2014
This post is the third in a series that focuses on securities lending by U.S. regulated funds—mutual funds, exchange traded funds (ETFs), and closed-end funds that are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Statement of the Investment Company Institute at Senate Finance Committee Hearing on “Retirement Savings 2.0: Updating Savings Policy for the Modern Economy”
By Brian Reid
September 16, 2014
This statement was given on behalf of ICI by Brian Reid, chief economist, at the Senate Finance Committee’s hearing on “Retirement Savings 2.0: Updating Savings Policy for the Modern Economy.” For more information, see ICI’s full written testimony.
TOPICS: 401(k)Government AffairsInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement PolicyRetirement ResearchSavingsTaxes
Securities Lending by Mutual Funds, ETFs, and Closed-End Funds: The Market
By Bob Grohowski and Sean Collins
September 16, 2014
As the potential risks of securities lending are discussed and debated by the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC), the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Financial Research (OFR), and the Financial Stability Board (FSB), it is important to try to understand both the overall size of the securities lending market and the share of it attributable to different participants.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Securities Lending by Mutual Funds, ETFs, and Closed-End Funds: The Basics
By Bob Grohowski
September 15, 2014
The Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) recently announced that it has directed its staff to “undertake a more focused analysis of industry-wide products and activities to assess potential risks associated with the asset management industry.”
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Sizing Up Mutual Fund and ETF Investment in Emerging Markets
By Chris Plantier
August 18, 2014
In coming decades, emerging market (EM) economies will need substantial new capital to accompany and sustain their rapid growth.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsEquity InvestingEuropeExchange-Traded FundsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationICI GlobalInternationalMutual Fund
Living Wills and an Orderly Resolution Mechanism? A Poor Fit for Mutual Funds and Their Managers
By Frances Stadler and Rachel Graham
August 12, 2014
During the global financial crisis, the distress or disorderly failure of some large, complex, highly leveraged financial institutions (banks, insurance companies, and investment banks) required direct intervention by governments—including a number of bailouts—to stem the damage and prevent it from spreading. One focus of postcrisis reform efforts has been to ensure that regulators are better equipped to “resolve” a failing institution in a way that minimizes risks to the broader financial system, as well as costs to taxpayers. The new tools provided under the Dodd-Frank Act include requirements for the largest bank holding companies and nonbank systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs) to prepare comprehensive resolution plans in advance (known as “living wills”), and creation of a new “orderly resolution” mechanism for financial institutions whose default could threaten financial stability.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundShareholderTreasury
Across the Universe: Seeing the Whole Picture in the Systemic Risk Debate
By Paul Schott Stevens
July 30, 2014
Astrophysicists have discovered that they can’t account for the composition and behavior of the universe without including “dark matter”—matter that can’t be observed directly.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundShareholderTreasury
The Real Lessons to Be Learned from 1994’s Bond Market
By Brian Reid
July 29, 2014
A recent “Heard on the Street” column in the Wall Street Journal (“Heeding 1994's Bond-Market Lesson,” July 27, 2014) is correct in saying that there’s a lesson to be learned from the 1994 bond market—but it draws the wrong lesson.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationInterest RateMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavingsTradingTreasury
“The Age of Asset Management”—Less Risk, Not More
By Brian Reid
July 24, 2014
The following was written by ICI’s chief economist, Brian Reid, and published on FT Alphaville on July 23. For more information on ICI’s views and research on financial stability, please visit our Financial Stability Resource Center.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Some Facts About Roth IRAs and the Investors Who Use Them
By Todd Bernhardt
July 17, 2014
Since the individual retirement account (IRA) was created as part of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), it has become a resounding success, accounting for the largest pool of assets in the U.S. retirement market. By the end of 2013, Americans held $6.5 trillion in IRAs, with 45 percent of that total—$3.0 trillion—invested in mutual funds.
TOPICS: Bond FundEquity InvestingFixed IncomeInvestment EducationInvestor ResearchMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavings
Industry Leaders Address Evolving Industry Challenges and Opportunities
By Miriam Bridges
June 9, 2014
In conversations exploring outcome-oriented investing, the globalization of the fund industry, and the next generation of retirement plans, industry leaders offered their perspectives on serving investors in an evolving world during several insightful sessions at ICI’s annual General Membership Meeting, held in Washington May 20–22.
TOPICS: 401(k)EventsGMMInternationalMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholder
Adapting to the Rapidly Evolving Cybersecurity Environment
By Todd Bernhardt
June 6, 2014
Because external hackers typically try to “look like an insider” when attempting to penetrate IT systems, “every cyberattack is likely an ‘internal’ attack,” according to Mark Clancy, managing director of technology risk management at the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC).
TOPICS: CybersecurityEventsGMMMutual FundOperations and Technology
Now Off the Hill, Senator Snowe Still Brimming with Ideas, Advice
By Rob Elson
June 5, 2014
U.S. policy is ripe for reform in a number of key areas, but changes to ease the polarized political environment must come first, former U.S. senator Olympia Snowe (R-ME) told the crowd during the final session of ICI’s 56th annual General Membership Meeting (GMM), held May 20–22 in Washington, DC.
TOPICS: CybersecurityEventsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGMMGovernment AffairsMutual FundRetirement PolicyShareholderTreasury
Industry Leaders Reflect on Serving Investors in an Evolving World
By Christina Kilroy
June 4, 2014
Speaking on the Leadership Panel held Wednesday, May 21, at ICI’s General Membership Meeting (GMM), fund industry leaders agreed that challenges as well as opportunities abound for their businesses in today’s complex world.
TOPICS: 401(k)EventsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationGMMGovernment AffairsInvestment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicyShareholder
Former ICI President Matt Fink Decries FSOC’s “Revisionist History”
By Mike McNamee
May 30, 2014
Arguments that large stock and bond mutual funds are prone to “runs” that can destabilize markets go back many decades, and are as misguided now as they were then, argues Matt Fink, ICI president from 1991 to 2004, and author of The Rise of Mutual Funds: An Insider's View.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Errors of the Times: Getting the FSOC Debate All Wrong
By Mike McNamee
May 23, 2014
New York Times columnist Floyd Norris makes a number of fundamental errors in his Friday column about the House Financial Services Committee hearing and the broader debate about the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) and its review of asset management.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
SEC Chair White Stresses Need for FSOC to Consult Sources for Necessary Expertise
By Rachel McTague
May 22, 2014
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Mary Jo White today called for the U.S. Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) to use outside expertise to the degree necessary in its process of designating systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs). She asserted that it is “enormously important for FSOC, before it makes any decision of any kind, to make sure it has the necessary expertise on any of those issues.”
TOPICS: EventsFederal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund GovernanceFund RegulationGMMGovernment AffairsMoney Market FundsMutual FundOperations and TechnologyShareholderTradingTreasury
Headlining ICI’s GMM, Blair Talks of Tough Challenges, Vast Opportunities
By Rob Elson
May 21, 2014
Challenges abound in our increasingly global world, said Tony Blair, former prime minister of the United Kingdom. Yet our future could be brighter than ever, he insisted.
Blair’s stirring words came during a keynote speech at ICI’s 56th General Membership Meeting (GMM). After his opening remarks, Blair sat down with ICI Chairman Bill McNabb, Chairman and CEO of The Vanguard Group, to discuss a range of issues. The session headlined the three-day meeting, which began yesterday in Washington, DC.
TOPICS: 401(k)EventsFinancial MarketsFund RegulationGMMInternationalMutual Fund
GMM Policy Forum: BlackRock’s Larry Fink Speaks with ICI’s Paul Stevens
By Todd Bernhardt
May 21, 2014
The fund industry needs to stop focusing on the moment and start focusing on outcomes when advising investors on their resources, said Laurence D. Fink, chairman and CEO of BlackRock, at ICI’s Annual Policy Forum, part of the Institute’s 56th General Membership Meeting (GMM).
TOPICS: 401(k)BondsEventsFinancial MarketsFund RegulationGMMInternationalInvestment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTreasury
“Market Tantrums” and Mutual Funds: A Second Look
By Sean Collins and Chris Plantier
May 19, 2014
Over the past year, policymakers who are focused on financial stability have pursued a theory that mutual fund investors can destabilize financial markets by redeeming from funds when markets decline. According to this theory, redemptions by fund investors lead fund managers to sell securities; those sales drive asset prices down further and, in turn, spur more investor flight, redemptions, and price declines.
TOPICS: Bond FundBondsFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFixed IncomeFund RegulationInterest RateInvestor ResearchMutual FundTradingTreasury
For Concerns About Risk, a Better Way Forward
By Mike McNamee
May 16, 2014
Since the financial crisis, regulators in the United States and abroad have been looking for ways to prevent a repeat. But recently it seems they’ve gone off course.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Overseas Overreach
By Mike McNamee
May 15, 2014
The Financial Stability Board (FSB)—composed of financial regulators and central bankers from around the globe—is proposing a flawed methodology that inappropriately puts regulated U.S. funds under scrutiny for possible designation as global systemically important financial institutions—or G-SIFIs.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
How SIFI Designation Could Lead to a New Taxpayer Bailout
By Mike McNamee
May 14, 2014
We have spent the past several days discussing why efforts by international and domestic regulators to examine mutual funds as sources of systemic risk are unnecessary and inappropriate.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsMutual FundTreasury
Who Are the FSB 14?
By Mike McNamee
May 13, 2014
In their search for ways that investment funds can pose risks to the financial system, regulators and central bankers from around the globe have proposed an arbitrary threshold: any investment fund with assets of more than $100 billion should automatically be subjected to further examination and consideration as a possible “global systemically important financial institution,” or G-SIFI.
TOPICS: Financial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
The Market Crash That Never Came
By Mike McNamee
May 12, 2014
U.S. and international banking regulators, in their search for ways that mutual funds and their managers could threaten financial stability, have come up with a simple story: fund investors and asset managers “crowd or ‘herd’ into popular asset classes or securities” and thus “magnify market volatility.”
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Size by Itself Doesn’t Matter—Leverage Does
By Mike McNamee
May 9, 2014
Second in a series of Viewpoints postings on funds and financial stability.
The threshold set by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) for examining whether a regulated fund could pose risk to the financial system should be redrawn—or better yet, withdrawn.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
SIFI Designation for Funds: Unnecessary and Harmful
By Mike McNamee
May 8, 2014
U.S. and international regulators are examining whether asset managers or the investment funds that they offer could be sources of risk to the overall financial system and should thus be designated as systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs).
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICYMI: "The Feds Target Money Managers"
By Mike McNamee
May 7, 2014
Yesterday’s editorial in the Wall Street Journal, “The Feds Target Money Managers,” neatly summed up the case against treating asset managers as systemically important financial institutions (SIFIs) and subjecting them to bank-style regulation.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICYMI: Congress Asks Questions About SIFI Designation and Asset Managers; SEC Chair White Provides Telling Answers
By Mike McNamee
April 30, 2014
DC scene setter, 2013–2014: The Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) is examining asset managers for possible “systemically important financial institution” (SIFI) designation, which would bring with it enhanced prudential regulation from the Federal Reserve. Such “bank-style” regulation is foreign to U.S. capital markets.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICI Statement: FSOC Seeking “Pretexts” to Designate Funds
By Mike McNamee
April 24, 2014
ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens today made the following statement in response to media reports that the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) has stepped up its review of major asset managers—which could lead to their designation as “systemically important financial institutions,” or SIFIs—based on boilerplate metrics.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICI Responds to the FSB Consultation on Systemic Risk and Investment Funds
April 8, 2014
In early January, the Financial Stability Board (FSB)—an international group of financial authorities—published a consultation paper on the issue of systemic risk and investment funds.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
ICI Response to Bank of England Haldane Speech on Asset Management and Potential Risk
By Mike McNamee
April 4, 2014
Today, ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens made the following comment in response to a speech by Andy Haldane, currently executive director of the Bank of England and slated to become its chief economist in June.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Why Asset Management Is Not a Source of Systemic Risk
By Paul Schott Stevens
March 17, 2014
This Viewpoints post is a summary of a speech given by ICI President and CEO Paul Schott Stevens at the Mutual Funds and Investment Management Conference. The entire speech is now available.
Since September, U.S. and international regulators have released reports suggesting that asset managers or the funds that they offer may be sources of risk to the overall financial system. ICI does not agree that the asset management sector poses systemic risk. Nonetheless, these reports could be the predicate for new, bank-style prudential regulation of the asset management industry—which could significantly harm funds and the investors who use them.
TOPICS: Federal ReserveFinancial MarketsFinancial StabilityFund RegulationGovernment AffairsICI GlobalInternationalMutual FundTreasury
Updated FICCA Framework Makes Auditing Omnibus Accounts Easier, More Efficient
By Kathy Joaquin
January 27, 2014
Many financial intermediaries—such as broker-dealers, financial advisers, and retirement plan recordkeepers—provide services to fund shareholders and maintain customer account information on their own recordkeeping systems. Fund sponsors, in turn, want to ensure that intermediaries are meeting their obligations in servicing fund shareholders, and so, have been seeking oversight tools that allow them to do this efficiently and effectively. ICI recently took steps to improve one of the critical oversight tools available to the industry, through a major update of the Financial Intermediary Controls and Compliance Assessment (FICCA) engagement framework.
TOPICS: Fund GovernanceFund RegulationMutual FundOperations and Technology
America’s Retirement System Is Strong
By Sarah Holden
December 18, 2013
One year ago, ICI released its landmark study, The Success of the U.S. Retirement System, a compilation of research from a wide range of sources, which found that the country’s retirement system is fostering economic security in retirement for Americans across all income levels.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
ICI’s Guide to Avoiding a Common 401(k) Tax Trap
By Mike McNamee
December 9, 2013
A tax trap for retirement savings is catching many smart people unaware. If allowed to go unchecked, it could harm the retirement savings of millions of Americans. A columnist for the Washington Post was just the latest in a long list of victims.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
Yes, DC Follies Hurt Retirement Savers—But Let’s Not Overstate
By Brian Reid
October 10, 2013
“Debt ceiling follies” certainly do put retirement savers and their assets at risk. On that, ICI agrees with a recent Washington Post blog.
TOPICS: 401(k)Financial MarketsMutual FundRetirement ResearchSavings
Revenue Estimates of Restricting Tax Deferral: It Ain’t Necessarily So
By Peter Brady
September 20, 2013
Fifth in a series of posts about retirement plans and the policy proposals surrounding them.
In previous Viewpoints posts, I explained that retirement contributions are neither tax deductions nor tax exclusions, but rather are tax deferrals. I also explained why, in my opinion, the two most prominent proposals to restrict qualified deferred compensation are flawed (post three and post four).
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
Tax Reforms Should Not Favor DB Plans over DC Plans
By Peter Brady
September 19, 2013
Fourth in a series of posts about retirement plans and the policy proposals surrounding them.
In The Tax Benefits and Revenue Costs of Tax Deferral and in two previous Viewpoints posts (post one and post two), I explained the benefits that workers get from deferring tax on compensation set aside for retirement.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
A ‘Modest’ Proposal That Isn’t: Limiting the Up-Front Benefits of Retirement Contributions
By Peter Brady
September 18, 2013
Third in a series of posts about retirement plans and the policy proposals surrounding them.
In two previous Viewpoints posts (post one and post two), I explained the benefits that workers get from deferring tax on compensation set aside for retirement.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
Marginal Tax Rates and the Benefits of Tax Deferral
By Peter Brady
September 17, 2013
Second in a series of posts about retirement plans and the policy proposals surrounding them.
In a previous Viewpoints post, I discussed the difference between tax deferral—the tax treatment applied to retirement savings—and tax deductions and exclusions, such as the mortgage interest deduction or the exclusion of employer-paid health insurance premiums from income. The difference is often overlooked or misunderstood, leading to inaccurate analysis and harmful policy proposals.
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
Retirement Plan Contributions Are Tax-Deferred—Not Tax-Free
By Peter Brady
September 16, 2013
First in a series of posts about retirement plans and the policy proposals surrounding them.
In today’s fiscal and political climate, taxes are never far from politicians’ minds. Whether to achieve comprehensive tax reform or to raise revenue to meet budget deficits, members of Congress are now considering changes to a range of tax code provisions—including those governing retirement policy. Any comprehensive effort to address fiscal policy or tax reform should examine every option, but some discussions of retirement policy have been misguided. The tax treatment of retirement savings—tax deferral— too often has been lumped together with tax deductions (such as the deduction from income of mortgage interest expense) and tax exclusions (such as the exclusion from income of employer-provided health insurance premiums).
TOPICS: 401(k)Investment EducationMutual FundRetirement PolicySavingsShareholderTaxes
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