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      • Ensuring Tax Fairness and Financial Security
      • Establishing Certainty in Financial Regulations
      • Expanding Access to Private Markets
      • Modernizing Disclosure for a Digital World
      • Retirement Fairness for Educators and Nonprofit Employees
      • Standing Up for Main Street Investors and Retirement Savers
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        • Quarterly Worldwide Regulated Open-End Fund Market
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        • Weekly Estimated ETF Net Issuance
        • Monthly Exchange-Traded Fund Data
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    • Commodity Investments
    • Common Ownership
    • Cybersecurity
    • Disclosure
    • DOL Fiduciary Duty Rule
    • ESG
    • Exchange-Traded Funds
    • Financial Services Regulatory
    • Financial Transaction Tax
    • Fraud Prevention
    • Global Retirement
    • Individual Retirement Account
    • Innovation
    • Liquidity Risk Management Program Rule
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    • Target Retirement Date Funds
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  • Issues & Advocacy

    Issues & Advocacy

    Stay informed of the policy priorities ICI champions on behalf of individual investors and the asset management industry.

    • Key Policies
      • Ensuring Tax Fairness and Financial Security
      • Establishing Certainty in Financial Regulations
      • Expanding Access to Private Markets
      • Modernizing Disclosure for a Digital World
      • Retirement Fairness for Educators and Nonprofit Employees
      • Standing Up for Main Street Investors and Retirement Savers
    • Comment Letters
    • Amicus Briefs
    Latest Comment Letters:
    Image
    Two females discussing at a table
    Comment Letter

    ICI Letter Urging Passage of the GROWTH Act of 2025

    February 10, 2026
    ICI Default BG
    Comment Letter

    ICI Letter Supporting the FSOC Improvement Act of 2025

    February 9, 2026
    ICI Default BG
    Comment Letter

    ICI Comment Letter to the Financial Services Committee on the Modernization of the '40 Act

    February 9, 2026
  • Research

    Research

    Explore research from ICI’s experts on industry-related developments, trends, and policy issues.

    View all Research

    • Statistics
      • All Statistics
      • Combined ETF and Mutual Funds
        • Weekly Combined Estimated ETF and Long-Term Flows
        • Monthly Active and Index Data
        • Monthly ESG Investing Data
        • Quarterly Worldwide Regulated Open-End Fund Market
      • Exchange Traded Funds
        • Weekly Estimated ETF Net Issuance
        • Monthly Exchange-Traded Fund Data
      • Mutual Funds
        • Weekly Estimated Long-Term Mutual Fund Flows
        • Weekly Money Market Fund Assets
        • Monthly Money Market Fund Portfolio Data
        • Monthly Trends in Mutual Fund Investing
        • Monthly Mutual Fund Complex Assets
        • Quarterly Long-Term Mutual Fund Asset Composition
        • Quarterly Mutual Fund Assets in Retirement Accounts
        • Quarterly Mutual Fund Distributions
        • Annual Institutional Mutual Fund Shareholder Data
      • Closed-End Funds
        • Quarterly Closed-End Fund Assets
      • UITs
        • Monthly Unit Investment Trust Deposits
      • More Statistics
        • 529 Plan Program Statistics
        • Quarterly Retirement Market Data
    • Investment Company Fact Book
    • Closed-End Funds
    • Defined Contribution Plans
      • 401(k)s
        • Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) /ICI 401(k) Database
        • The ICI/ISS Defined Contribution Plan Profile
        • 401(k) Plan Services, Fees, and Expenses
      • Defined Contribution Plan Investors
      • Defined Contribution Plan Participant Activities
      • Households' Views on Retirement Savings
      • Income from Retirement Plans
      • Retirement Plan Coverage and Participation
    • Exchange-Traded Funds
      • ETF Owning Households
    • Fees and Expenses
    • IRAs
      • IRA Investors
      • The IRA Investor Database™
      • The Role of IRAs in US Households’ Saving for Retirement
    • Money Market Funds
    • Mutual Funds
      • Mutual Fund Ownership
    • Publications
      • ICI Research Perspective
    • Global
      • Global Industry Research
    Featured Publication
    Image
    ici-web-photo-2231144916.jpg
    Publication

    A Close Look at Exchange-Traded Funds and Their Investors (pdf)

    October 1, 2025
    Latest Research
    Image from the ICI Innovate conference
    ICI Viewpoints

    2026 ICI Innovate: How AI Is Reshaping the Asset Management Industry

    February 12, 2026
    ici-web-photo-852407924.jpg
    ICI Viewpoints

    Millions of Investors Could Feel Unintended Consequences of Upcoming SEC Reporting Rules

    February 12, 2026
    washington monument
    ICI Viewpoints

    Investing in America’s Next 250 Years

    February 11, 2026
  • Resource Hubs

    Resource Hubs

     Explore expert resources, analysis, and opinions on key topics affecting the asset management industry.

    • 401(k)
    • California Consumer Privacy Law
    • Closed-End Funds
    • Commodity Investments
    • Common Ownership
    • Cybersecurity
    • Disclosure
    • DOL Fiduciary Duty Rule
    • ESG
    • Exchange-Traded Funds
    • Financial Services Regulatory
    • Financial Transaction Tax
    • Fraud Prevention
    • Global Retirement
    • Individual Retirement Account
    • Innovation
    • Liquidity Risk Management Program Rule
    • Money Market Fund
    • Processing Fees
    • Proxy Voting
    • Shortened Settlement Cycle
    • Target Retirement Date Funds
    • Treasury Clearing
  • News & Opinions

    News & Opinions

    Read ICI’s latest publications, press releases, statements, and blog posts.

    View all News and Opinions

    • News Releases
    • Opinions
      • ICI Viewpoints Blog
      • Op-Eds & Letters to the Editors
    Latest News:
    Image
    Image from the ICI Innovate conference
    ICI Viewpoints

    2026 ICI Innovate: How AI Is Reshaping the Asset Management Industry

    February 12, 2026
    ici-web-photo-852407924.jpg
    ICI Viewpoints

    Millions of Investors Could Feel Unintended Consequences of Upcoming SEC Reporting Rules

    February 12, 2026
    washington monument
    ICI Viewpoints

    Investing in America’s Next 250 Years

    February 11, 2026
  • Events

    Events

    See ICI’s upcoming and past events.

    View all Events

    • ICI Events
    • Upcoming Events
    Featured Events
    Image
    Investment Management Conference

    Investment Management Conference - Registration Now Open

    March 22 - 25

    Mar
    22-25

    ICI Conference

    Investment Management Conference

    Palm Desert, CA

    Apr
    8-9

    Foundations

    Foundations for Fund Directors®

    Washington, DC
  • Sign Up
  • Sign Up
  • About ICI
  • Related Sites
    • IDC
    • ICIEF
    • Global Affairs
  • Contact
Main navigation
  • Issues & Advocacy
    Issues & Advocacy

    Issues & Advocacy

    Stay informed of the policy priorities ICI champions on behalf of individual investors and the asset management industry.

    • Key Policies
      Key Policies
      • Ensuring Tax Fairness and Financial Security
      • Establishing Certainty in Financial Regulations
      • Expanding Access to Private Markets
      • Modernizing Disclosure for a Digital World
      • Retirement Fairness for Educators and Nonprofit Employees
      • Standing Up for Main Street Investors and Retirement Savers
    • Comment Letters
    • Amicus Briefs
  • Research
    Research

    Research

    Explore research from ICI’s experts on industry-related developments, trends, and policy issues.

    View all Research

    • Statistics
      Statistics
      • All Statistics
      • Combined ETF and Mutual Funds
        Combined ETF and Mutual Funds
        • Weekly Combined Estimated ETF and Long-Term Flows
        • Monthly Active and Index Data
        • Monthly ESG Investing Data
        • Quarterly Worldwide Regulated Open-End Fund Market
      • Exchange Traded Funds
        Exchange Traded Funds
        • Weekly Estimated ETF Net Issuance
        • Monthly Exchange-Traded Fund Data
      • Mutual Funds
        Mutual Funds
        • Weekly Estimated Long-Term Mutual Fund Flows
        • Weekly Money Market Fund Assets
        • Monthly Money Market Fund Portfolio Data
        • Monthly Trends in Mutual Fund Investing
        • Monthly Mutual Fund Complex Assets
        • Quarterly Long-Term Mutual Fund Asset Composition
        • Quarterly Mutual Fund Assets in Retirement Accounts
        • Quarterly Mutual Fund Distributions
        • Annual Institutional Mutual Fund Shareholder Data
      • Closed-End Funds
        Closed-End Funds
        • Quarterly Closed-End Fund Assets
      • UITs
        UITs
        • Monthly Unit Investment Trust Deposits
      • More Statistics
        More Statistics
        • 529 Plan Program Statistics
        • Quarterly Retirement Market Data
    • Investment Company Fact Book
    • Closed-End Funds
    • Defined Contribution Plans
      Defined Contribution Plans
      • 401(k)s
        401(k)s
        • Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) /ICI 401(k) Database
        • The ICI/ISS Defined Contribution Plan Profile
        • 401(k) Plan Services, Fees, and Expenses
      • Defined Contribution Plan Investors
      • Defined Contribution Plan Participant Activities
      • Households' Views on Retirement Savings
      • Income from Retirement Plans
      • Retirement Plan Coverage and Participation
    • Exchange-Traded Funds
      Exchange-Traded Funds
      • ETF Owning Households
    • Fees and Expenses
    • IRAs
      IRAs
      • IRA Investors
      • The IRA Investor Database™
      • The Role of IRAs in US Households’ Saving for Retirement
    • Money Market Funds
    • Mutual Funds
      Mutual Funds
      • Mutual Fund Ownership
    • Publications
      Publications
      • ICI Research Perspective
    • Global
      Global
      • Global Industry Research
  • Resource Hubs
    Resource Hubs

    Resource Hubs

     Explore expert resources, analysis, and opinions on key topics affecting the asset management industry.

    • 401(k)
    • California Consumer Privacy Law
    • Closed-End Funds
    • Commodity Investments
    • Common Ownership
    • Cybersecurity
    • Disclosure
    • DOL Fiduciary Duty Rule
    • ESG
    • Exchange-Traded Funds
    • Financial Services Regulatory
    • Financial Transaction Tax
    • Fraud Prevention
    • Global Retirement
    • Individual Retirement Account
    • Innovation
    • Liquidity Risk Management Program Rule
    • Money Market Fund
    • Processing Fees
    • Proxy Voting
    • Shortened Settlement Cycle
    • Target Retirement Date Funds
    • Treasury Clearing
  • News & Opinions
    News & Opinions

    News & Opinions

    Read ICI’s latest publications, press releases, statements, and blog posts.

    View all News and Opinions

    • News Releases
    • Opinions
      Opinions
      • ICI Viewpoints Blog
      • Op-Eds & Letters to the Editors
      • Speeches & Testimony
  • Events
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    See ICI’s upcoming and past events.

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  2. MICHAEL SPRATT
Staff

Michael Spratt
Associate General Counsel, Securities Regulation

Viewpoints by this Author

Cross-Trading Reform: Unlocking Savings and Efficiency for Funds and Investors
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